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| A1: | b. label |
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| A2: | Syntax defines the rules by which a program must adhere to be processed by the compiler. Semantics defines the logical rules that make a computer program do what you want it to. |
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| A3: | Computers represent data as a sequence of 1s and 0s. |
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| A4: | A data type is a human-readable tag that represents a specific usage of a computer's memory. |
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| A5: | A short is represented by two bytes while an int is represented by four bytes. |
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| A6: | The first two statements are legal but the third is not because the result of adding two shorts is automatically converted to an integer; an explicit cast to a short is required for this statement to be correct: short result = ( short )( s1 + s2 ); |
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| A7: | Arithmetic promotion means that a variable of a certain data type is automatically converted to a "wider" type during an arithmetic operation. |
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| A8: | You can only assign a byte or a short to a short. |
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| A9: | Casting is explicitly interpreting a variable as a more narrow type; the result of this is dropping bits from the variable. It is accomplished by prefacing the variable with the type to cast the variable to enclosed in parentheses: int integer = 50; short s = ( short ) integer; |
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| A10: | You define a variable to be a constant by prefacing its data type with the keyword final: final int i = 50; |