| 1: | |
| A: | RIP uses UDP port 520. |
| 2: | |
| A: | RIP uses a hop count metric. An unreachable network is indicated by setting the hop count to 16, which RIP interprets as an infinite distance. |
| 3: | |
| A: | RIP sends periodic updates every 30 seconds minus a small random variable to prevent the updates of neighboring routers from becoming synchronized. |
| 4: | |
| A: | A route entry is marked as unreachable if six updates are missed. |
| 5: | |
| A: | The garbage collection timer, or flush timer, is set when a route is declared unreachable. When the timer expires , the route is flushed from the route table. This process allows an unreachable route to remain in the routing table long enough for neighbors to be notified of its status. |
| 6: | |
| A: | The random timer, whose range is 1 to 5 seconds, prevents a " storm " of triggered updates during a topology change. |
| 7: | |
| A: | A Request message asks a router for an update. A Response message is an update. |
| 8: | |
| A: | A Request message may either ask for a full update or in some special cases it may ask for specific routes. |
| 9: | |
| A: | A Response is sent when the update timer expires, or upon reception of a Request message. |
| 10: | |
| A: | RIP updates do not include the subnet mask of the destination address, so a RIP router depends on the subnet masks of its own interfaces to determine how an attached major network address is subnetted. If a router does not have an attachment to a particular major network address, it has no way to know how that major network is subnetted . Therefore, no subnets of a major network address can be advertised into another major network. |