(U.S.) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Note: Not a mandate but a roadmap that could turn into a mandate | Unique identification (mass serialization) of some drugs most likely to be counterfeited, at pallet, case, and package level by Dec 2005 Unique identification (mass serialization) of most drugs, at pallet and case level by Dec 2006 Unique identification (mass serialization) of all drugs at pallet and case level, and most drugs at package level, by Dec 2007 Acquisition and use of RFID technology by all manufacturers, wholesalers, chain drug stores, hospitals and most small retailers by Dec 2007
| Passive | Various suppliers and others working on plans to comply FDA issued a pharmaceutical tagging initiative in Nov 2004, accelerating RFID pilots in this industry Subsequently, several pharmaceutical companies announced initiatives to tag individual bottles of prescription medicine |
Metro Group (Germany) | Top 100 suppliers to send RFID tagged pallets to 10 distribution centers and 50 stores by Nov 2004 Plans to use RFID throughout its supply chainin store as well as with partners. RFID deployment in 800 stores by 2007
| UHF tags based on EPC, some early work based on HF tags | |