Software Ecosystem: Understanding an Indispensable Technology and Industry

Universal Plug-and-Play, 356-357

UNIX, 68, 194, 315

community-based development and, 78-80

government and, 303

heterogeneity and, 225

trademarks and, 275-276

worms and, 289

Upgrades, 73, 272

economic issues and, 319

pricing and, 336-337

value chains and, 127-129

Usability, 58-59

Usage, 55

User datagram protocol (UDP), 210-213, 233

Users, 8, 121

application software and, 51-52 (see also Application software)

cost and, 62

cryptographic key and, 152

defined, 13

free speech and, 293-296

freeware and, 272-273

GLB and, 60

installation and, 188-189

learnability and, 58

meeting needs of, 51-52

multiple use and, 342-343

network effects and, 52-55

nomadic, 357-360

passwords and, 136, 152

pay-per-use, 190-191

pricing and, 188-191, 327-338

privacy and, 140-145

productivity and, 50-51

rights of, 147-148, 161

satisfaction-driven programs and, 61-62

security and, 135-136, 145-166 (see also Security)

self-provisioning and, 187

smartcards and, 152

software creation and, 68-69, 83-84

subscriptions, 190-191

suppliers and, 230

types of, 45-46

value and, 49-63, 122-133

Utility model, 28, 116