Six Sigma and Beyond: Statistics and Probability, Volume III

S

Sample

definition of, 8

judgment, 8

random, 8, 10 “12, 236

size of, 64 “65, 123 “124

Sample space, 199 “200

Sampling, 226

Sampling distribution, 38, 94

Scalar, 288

Scaled noncentrality parameter (SNCP), 161

Scatterplot, 83 “84, 126

Scheffe's test, 72, 125

Seasonality, 173 “174

Secondary analysis, 10

SEM, 157 “158

Sequence tree diagram, 223

Series system, 197, 214 “217

Set theory, 195 “223

Sets

and, 197, 201 “202

complementary, 198

difference, 199

disjointed , 199, 203

null set, 195

or, 197, 202

subsets , 196

universal, 195 “196

Shapiro-Wilks test, 139

Sign test, 117 “118

Significance level, see Observed significance level

Simplex method, 297 “301

Simulated survey, 37

Single blind studies, 13

Singular matrix, 293, 295

Singularity, 147

Six sigma, 44

Skewness, 139

Slack variables , 299

Slope, 92 “96

SNCP, 161

SND, 257 “262, 266 “267

Somers' d, 79

Spatial map, 156

Spearman rank coefficient, 127 “128

SPSS software, 44, 77

Spurious correlation, 180

SSCP, 132 “133, 290 “291

Standard deviation, 33, 194

Standard error

of autocorrelation, 172

of the difference, 52 “54, 149

of the mean, 46 “48

in regression, 95 “98

Standard score, 43 “44

Standardized normal distribution (SND), 257 “262, 266 “267

Standardized values

definition of, 52

of random variables, 248, 256 “257

for regression coefficients, 146

Statistical Process Control, 44 “45

Statistical reports , 329 “330

Statistics, 38

Step transition matrix, 310 “314

Stimulus, 153

Stirling's approximation to n!, 225

Strategies, 315 “318

Structural equation modeling (SEM), 157 “158

Student-Newman-Keul's test, 72

Studies, 9

Subjective dimensions, 157

Subsets, 196

Sums of squares

of column vector, 288

definition of, 97

SSCP, 132 “133, 290 “291

for univariate analysis, 134 “135

Sums of squares and cross products (SSCP), 132 “133, 290 “291

Survey, 9

Survey, simulated, 37

Symmetric matrix, 286

System-missing value, 19