Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment, 2006 (Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment)

Tierney, Lawrence M., McPhee, Stephen J., Papadakis, Maxine A.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment, 45th Edition

B

B19 parvovirus infection See Parvovirus B19 infection

B antigen, in compatibility testing

533

B cell lymphoma See also Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

gastric

598–599

intestinal

610–611

B cells

pancreatic

1178

in diabetes mellitus

1195

hypoglycemia caused by tumors of

1178

1234–1237

1234

B lymphocytes

clonal malignancy of (chronic lymphocytic leukemia)

510–511

in common variable immunodeficiency

796

in HIV infection/AIDS

1320

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)

in cardiac failure

312–313

389

in dyspnea

24

laboratory reference range for

1736

recombinant See Nesiritide

B23 antibodies, in scleroderma

839

Babesia divergens/microti (babesiosis)

1474–1475

Bacillary angiomatosis

1328

1433

1434

Bacillary dysentery (shigella dysentery/gastroenteritis)

545

1299

1300

1301

1303

1426–1427

Bacillus

1553

anthracis

1411

1412

1413

1553

cereus, food poisoning/gastroenteritis caused by

545

1300

1302

P.1760

Bacillus Calmette-Gu rin (BCG), for bladder cancer

968

Bacillus Calmette-Gu rin (BCG) vaccine

263

tuberculin skin test affected by

258

259

263

Bacitracin

1577

for ophthalmic disorders

175

Back pain

817–819

819

acupuncture for

1725

1727

in ankylosing spondylitis

817

818

852

in aortic aneurysm

447

449

817

in aortic dissection

451

disk-related

817

818

818

819

epidural/subdural hemorrhage causing

999

in osteoporosis

817

1102

1155

radiographic evaluation in

818

819

spinal stenosis causing

820

tumor mass causing

817

818

1003

1689

Bacteremia See also Sepsis/septic shock

anaerobic

1435

in asplenic patients

1289

in bartonellosis

1434

campylobacter causing

1429

gonococcal

1432

gram-negative

1423–1424

in listeriosis

1414

osteomyelitis from

858

1407

salmonella

1426

1553

staphylococcal

1407

in streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

1402

in typhoid fever

1425

vibrios causing

1428

Bacterial infections

1400–1440

actinomycosis

1436

anaerobic

1434–1436

1435

drugs for See also Antibiotics; Antimicrobial therapy

endocarditis

1414–1420

1416

1417

1418

gram-negative

1420–1436

1552–1553

gram-positive

1400–1414

1552

1553

mycobacterial

1437–1440

nocardiosis

1436–1437

shock and See Sepsis/septic shock vaginosis, 732

rape/sexual assault in transmission of

1297

Bacterial overgrowth

604–605

vitamin B₁₂ deficiency and

487

605

Bacterial synergistic gangrene

1435

Bacteriuria

935

persistent

936–937

during pregnancy

782

unresolved

936

urinary nitrites in

934–935

Bacteroides

fragilis

1434

1435

gastrointestinal strains of

1435

1552

melaninogenicus See Prevotella, melaninogenica pneumonia caused by, 255, 1434

Bactrim See Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Bactroban See Mupirocin

Bagassosis

296

Baker's cyst

823

deep venous thrombosis differentiated from

471

823

BAL (dimercaprol)

for arsenic poisoning

1620

for lead poisoning

1627

for mercury poisoning

1627

Balamuthia mandrillaris

1472

1473

Balance

age affecting See Falls disorders of See Disequilibrium; Vestibular disorders

Balanitis

121

in chancroid

1433

Balantidium coli (balantidiasis)

1475

Baldness

144–145

Balint's syndrome

1001

Balkan nephropathy, ureteral and renal pelvis cancer and

969

Balloon counterpulsation, intra-aortic See Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation

Balloon dilatation, of prostate, transurethral, for benign prostatic hyperplasia

961

Balloon tube tamponade, for esophageal varices

575

Balloon valvuloplasty See Valvuloplasty

Balsalazide

for inflammatory bowel disease

621

ulcerative colitis

629

Bamboo spine

852

Band keratopathy, in hypercalcemia/hyperparathyroidism

1151

Bandages, eye

177

Banding (band/variceal ligation)

for esophageal varices

574

prevention of first bleeding episode and

576

prevention of rebleeding and

575

Barbiturates

adverse ocular effects of

178

overdose/toxicity of

1624–1625

for stroke

994

Bariatric surgery, for obesity

14

1099

1269

Baritosis

295

Barium enema

in adenomatous polyp identification

633–634

in cancer screening/evaluation

15

638

643

Barium esophagography

564–565

in achalasia

579–580

in esophageal cancer

577

in esophageal webs and rings

572

in gastroesophageal reflux disease

566

in motility disorders

580–581

Barium poisoning, hypokalemia caused by

873

Barium upper gastrointestinal series See Upper gastrointestinal series

Barotrauma

decompression sickness and

1603

mechanical ventilation and

308

otic

184

Barrett's esophagus

566–567

esophageal carcinoma and

567

577

Barrett's technique, for pulmonary hydatid cysts

1514

Bartholin's duct cyst/abscess

733–734

Bartonella (rochalimaea/bartenollosis)

1433–1434

bacillary angiomatosis caused by

1328

1433

1434

henselae

1328

1433

quintana

1328

1433

1434

Bartter's syndrome

874

874

Basal body temperature

charting

in contraception

757

symptothermal natural family planning and

757

in infertility workup

748

Basal cell carcinoma

of skin

130

of vulva

739

Basal cell epithelioma, of eyelid

154–155

Basal energy expenditure (BEE)

1253

Basedow's disease

1135

Basilar artery migraine

975

Basilar artery occlusion, stroke caused by

993

Basilar meningitis, in syphilis

1449

1451

Basilar skull fracture

1020

vertigo caused by

191

Basiliximab

805

Basophil count, laboratory reference range for

1736

Bathing, dermatologic therapy and

86

Battered elderly

17

51

54

54

Battered woman

1081

1082

prevention of injury and

16–17

Battle's sign

1020

Baux Score, burn injury survival and

1596

BCG, for bladder cancer

968

BCG vaccine

263

tuberculin skin test affected by

258

259

263

bcl-2 gene/Bcl-2 protein

1641

in follicular lymphoma

512

gene therapy for cancer and

1700

1701

Bcl-XL protein

1641

BCNU See Carmustine

bcr/abl fusion gene

in chronic myelogenous leukemia

504

505

1641

imatinib mesylate (STI571) treatment and

504

505

Beano (a-D-galactosidase enzyme), for gastrointestinal gas

545

Beau's lines

145

Beck Depression Inventory

1040

Becker's muscular dystrophy

1035–1036

1036

Beclomethasone, for asthma

232

Beclovent See Beclomethasone

Bed rest See also Immobility

back pain and

819

for frostbite

1592

hazards of

59–60

pulmonary embolism and

281

for immersion syndrome

1592

for preeclampsia-eclampsia

772

for rheumatoid arthritis

829

for third-trimester bleeding

774

for threatened abortion

768

Bedbugs, skin lesions caused by

136

Bedside tracheotomy

213

Bedsores (decubitus ulcers)

140–141

141

bed rest/immobility and

60

140–141

BEE See Basal energy expenditure

Beef

bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) infection of

1374–1375

E coli gastroenteritis transmitted by

1427

trichinosis transmitted by

1532

Beef tapeworm (Taenia saginata)

1508

1509

Beer potomania

869

Behavior

abnormal

illness

1047–1049

during sleep (parasomnias)

1080–1081

assessment of in mental status exam

1038

in demented patients

57–58

in schizophrenia/psychotic disorders

1057

temporal lobe lesions affecting

1001

Behavior modification

for alcohol use/abuse

1085

for chronic fatigue syndrome

30

compliance with recommendations for

1

for obesity management

1268

for paraphilias and gender identity disorders

1054

for personality disorders

1055

P.1761

for psychosexual dysfunction

1054

for schizophrenia/psychotic disorders

1065

for urinary incontinence management

63

Beh et's syndrome

851

HLA in

801

uveitis in

162

851

Bejel (endemic syphilis)

1454

Belascaris procyonis

1534

Belching (eructation)

544

Belladonna

monoamine oxidase inhibitor interactions and

1074

overdose/toxicity of

1620

Bell's palsy

1030

herpes simplex infection and

1030

1351

1354

Lyme disease and

1458

1461

1461

varicella-zoster virus infection and

1356

Benazepril

434

Bence Jones proteinuria (light chain in urine)

897

929

in myeloma

515

929

renal toxicity and

904

929

Bends

1603

Benicar See Olmesartan

Benign essential (familial) tremor

1006–1007

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

954–961

956

958

959

phytotherapy/saw palmetto for

960

1713

1718

Bentall procedure, for aortic regurgitation

336

Bentonite flocculation test, in trichinosis

1532

Benzamycin See Erythromycin, with benzoyl peroxide

Benzeclin See Clindamycin, with benzoyl peroxide

Benzisothiazolyl

1059

1060

Benzisoxazoles

1059

1060

Benznidazole, for Chagas' disease

1466–1467

Benzodiazepines

1044–1046

1045

1046

for aggressive/violent patient

1082

for alcohol withdrawal

1086

for anxiety

1044–1046

1045

1046

for delirium

1093

drug interactions of

1046

for insomnia

1045

1079

for nausea and vomiting

540

overdose/toxicity of

1045–1046

1611

1624–1625

for panic attacks

1046

for posttraumatic stress disorder

1042

for schizophrenia/psychotic disorders

1061

sleep stages affected by

1079

1081

withdrawal from

1045–1046

Benzoyl peroxide, for acne

116

with clindamycin

88

116

with erythromycin

88

116

Benztropine

1004

Beraprost, for pulmonary hypertension

411

Berger's disease (IgA nephropathy)

915–917

916

917

Beriberi

1272–1273

neuropathy associated with

1025

1273

Berloque hyperpigmentation

143

Bernard-Soulier syndrome

523

525

Berry aneurysms

996

polycystic kidney disease and

928

Berylliosis

297–298

Beta-adrenergic agonists

for asthma

exacerbation management and

234

236

237

long-acting

231

233

234

short-acting

234

235

236

237

for COPD

241

242

for hyperkalemia

876

877

for preterm labor prevention

784

Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs

for acute coronary syndromes

353

353

for aggressive/violent behavior

1082

1093

anaphylaxis in patient taking

792

for angina

348

353

for anxiety/stress disorders

1042

1046

for aortic dissection

452

for aortic regurgitation

335

for arrhythmias

368

369

atrial fibrillation

376

in hyperthyroidism

1141

in cardiac failure

395

long QT syndrome

381

paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

373

ventricular premature beats

379

in cardiac failure

392–393

433

for cardiomyopathy

403

depression caused by

1067

for esophageal varices

prevention of first bleeding episode and

576

prevention of rebleeding and

575–576

for glaucoma/intraocular hypertension

161

173

for Graves' disease/hyperthyroidism

1138

1141

for hypertension

428–433

431–432

in combination products

439

in diabetics

1203–1205

pregnancy and

417

779

regimen for use of

437–439

440

lipid abnormalities associated with use of

1244

for myocardial infarction

353

353

360

365

overdose/toxicity of

428–433

1620

for panic attacks

1046

perioperative administration of

37

38

415

for phobic disorder

1046

Beta-carotene

1276

in cancer prevention

1276

1650–1651

skin discoloration caused by

1100

Beta-globin gene

484

485

in beta thalassemia syndromes

484

485

in sickle cell syndromes

493

Beta-glucocerebrosidase, in Gaucher's disease

1705

1706

Beta-hemolytic streptococci See specific type under Group

Beta-hydroxybutyrate/hydroxybutyric acid

in alcoholic ketoacidosis

888

in diabetic ketoacidosis

887

888

1229

Beta interferon See Interferon-b

Beta-lactam antibiotics

1568–1569

allergy to

791

testing for

793

cephalosporins

1565–1568

1565

1566

Beta-lactamases (penicillinases)

1560

penicillins combined with inhibitors of

1564

penicillins resistant to

1564

staphylococcal

1552

Beta₂-microglobulin

in hemochromatosis

676

in myeloma

516

Beta thalassemia syndromes

484–486

485

sickle

494

494

Betagan See Levobunolol

Betaine, for homocystinuria

1706

Betamethasone

88

1193

Betaxolol

for glaucoma/intraocular hypertension

161

173

for systemic hypertension

431

Bethesda System, for Pap smear classification

734

735

Betimol See Timolol

Betoptic See Betaxolol

Bevacizumab

1667

1677

1699

Bexarotene

1669

Bextra See Valdecoxib

Bexxar See Tositumomab

Bezold-Jarisch reflex, in angina

343

Bhang

1088

Biaxin See Clarithromycin

Bicalutamide

966

1673

Bicarbonate

alkalosis caused by administration of

892

for diabetic ketoacidosis

1230

in fluid management

895

gastrointestinal loss of, acidosis caused by

888

890

for hyperkalemia

876

877

for increased anion gap acidosis

890–891

laboratory reference range (normal values) for

866

1736

for lactic acidosis

1233

lithium interactions and

1077

for near drowning victim

1603

plasma/serum levels of

885

in acid-base disorders

885

886

in alcoholic ketoacidosis

887

in diabetic ketoacidosis

887

888

1228

1228

in hyperchloremic normal anion gap acidosis

888

in lactic acidosis

1228

1233

in metabolic acidosis

886

886

in metabolic alkalosis

886

891

892

in renal failure

909

in renal tubular acidosis

889

in respiratory acidosis

886

893

in respiratory alkalosis

886

893–894

894

for renal tubular acidosis

891

for salicylate poisoning

891

1634

Biemond syndrome

1099

Bifascicular block

383

Bigeminy

379

Biguanides

for diabetes mellitus

1208

for malaria chemoprophylaxis/treatment

1488

Bile acid-binding resins, for lipid modification/heart disease prevention

1249–1250

Bile ascites

563

Bile ducts

carcinoma of See Cholangiocarcinoma

common, stones in See Choledocholithiasis

Bile salts

decreased concentration of, malabsorption and

601

in short bowel syndrome

605

606

in gallstones

684

Bilharziasis

1501–1504

Biliary ascariasis

1518

Biliary cirrhosis

670

674–676

P.1762

Biliary colic

in choledocholithiasis/cholangitis

688

in cholelithiasis/gallstones

685

in pregnancy

685

Biliary obstruction

649–650

650

in choledocholithiasis/cholangitis

688

689

in clonorchiasis/opisthorchiasis

1506

Biliary pancreatitis

694

Biliary sludge (microlithiasis)

684

Biliary stricture

690

primary sclerosing cholangitis and

691

Biliary tract

diseases of

684–693

685

carcinoma

692–693

cholecystitis

685

686–687

choledocholithiasis/cholangitis

685

688–690

cholelithiasis (gallstones)

684–686

685

in clonorchiasis/opisthorchiasis

1506

in coccidiosis and microsporidiosis

1476

1477

dyspepsia and

536

in fascioliasis

1505

in HIV infection/AIDS

1326

inflammation See Cholangitis

pancreatitis and

693

694

pre- and postcholecystectomy syndromes

687–688

primary sclerosing cholangitis

690–692

strictures

690

surgery on, antibiotic prophylaxis for

47

Bilirubin levels See also Hyperbilirubinemia

in alcoholic liver disease

664

665

in biliary tract carcinoma

693

in cholecystitis

686

in choledocholithiasis/cholangitis

689

in cirrhosis

669

in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

492

in hemolytic anemia

490

495

laboratory reference range (normal values) for

649

651

1736

in liver disease/jaundice

649

651

urine

651

934

in vitamin B₁₂ deficiency

488

Bilivist See Ipodate sodium

Billowing mitral valve See Mitral valve prolapse

Bimatoprost, for glaucoma/intraocular hypertension

161

173

Binge eating, in bulimia nervosa

1271

Biofeedback techniques

for chronic pain disorders

1050

for fecal incontinence

647

for somatoform disorders

1049

Biofields, in energy medicine

1709

Biologic response modifiers

805

1674

Bioprostheses, for cardiac valve replacement

330

336

338

Bioterrorism

anthrax and

1411

1412

1413

botulinum toxin and

1410

chemical warfare agents and

nerve agents

1621–1622

ricin and

1622

plague and

1431

radiation exposure and

1601

smallpox/smallpox vaccination and

111

1312

1388

tularemia (Francisella tularensis) and

1430

Biotin, dietary reference intakes (DRIs) for

1254

Biperiden

1004

Bipolar disorders

1066–1067

drug therapy for

1075–1078

1077

Bipolaris, phaeohyphomycosis caused by

1550

Bird-fancier's lung (pigeon-breeder's disease)

296

Bird mites See Mites

Birds

psittacosis (ornithosis) transmitted by

1441

West Nile virus in

1371

Birdshot retinochoroidopathy, HLA in

801

Birth classes

765

Birth control pills See Oral contraceptives

Bisacodyl

543

544

Bisferiens pulse, in heart disease

314

cardiomyopathy

403

Bismuth compounds

for diarrhea

547

in H pylori eradication therapy

589

590

for peptic ulcer disease

589

Bisoprolol

with hydrochlorothiazide

431

perioperative administration of

37

38

Bisphosphonates See also specific agent

adverse ocular effects of

179

antitumor/antiangiogenic effects of

1671

for bone pain

1688

in breast cancer management

722

1671

for hypercalcemia

880

1153–1154

1690–1691

for myeloma-related bone disease

517

for osteoporosis

625

761

1156–1157

chronic corticosteroid treatment and

1193

for Paget's disease of bone

1162

Bite cells, in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

492

Bitemporal field loss

150

Bites See Animal bites; Human bite wounds; Insect bites

Bithionol

for fascioliasis

1505

for paragonimiasis

1507

Bitot's spots, in vitamin A deficiency

1276

Bitter almonds, odor of in cyanide poisoning

1623

Bitter orange, in “Ephedra-free” weight loss products

1718

Biventricular pacing (resynchronization), for cardiac failure

396

Black eye

171

in nasal trauma

199

Black molds

chromoblastomycosis caused by

1547

phaeohyphomycosis caused by

1550

Black patients See also Racial/ethnic background

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in

492

hypertension management in

440–441

sickle cell anemia in

493

Black plague

1431

Black widow spider bite

136

1636

Blackwater fever

1487

Bladder

biopsy of, in bladder cancer

967

cancer of

967–969

968

1664

hematuria in

936

967

incidence/risk/mortality of

967

1640

schistosomiasis and

967

1502

disorders/dysfunction of See also specific type and Urinary incontinence

spinal trauma causing

1021

examination of

933

infection of See Cystitis

neuropathic, vincristine causing

1684

in schistosomiasis

1501

1502

1503

Bladder catheterization, intermittent, for incontinence management

949

Bladder irrigation, in hemorrhagic cystitis prevention

1683

Bladder toxicity

cyclophosphamide/ifosfamide causing

1683

neuropathies, vincristine-induced

1684

Blalock shunt, for tetralogy of Fallot

323

324

Blast cells

in acute leukemia

508

refractory anemia with (RAEB)

506

507

Blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia

504

Blastomycosis

1545–1546

South American (paracoccidioidomycosis)

1546

Bleach See Hypochlorite

Bleeding/blood loss See also specific cause or structure affected

acquired factor VIII antibodies causing

527

in acute leukemia

508

anticoagulation therapy and

289

in Bernard-Soulier syndrome

525

in cirrhosis

673

coagulation factor deficiencies causing

528

liver disease and

528–529

in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

530

in essential thrombocytosis

502

gastrointestinal See Gastrointestinal bleeding

in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia

525

in hemophilia A

526

in hemophilia B

528

in hemorrhagic fevers

1376

hemostasis disorders and

518–531

hypovolemic shock and

477

478

in idiopathic (autoimmune) thrombocytopenic purpura

518

iron deficiency and

482

557

in liver disease

528–529

malabsorption and

600

in myeloproliferative disorders

526

in platelet disorders

523–526

in polycythemia

500

postmenopausal

730

in endometrial carcinoma

738

during pregnancy

in gestational trophoblastic disease

774–775

third-trimester

774–775

premenopausal See also Menstruation; Vaginal bleeding

abnormal

728–730

preoperative evaluation of risk of

35

36

43–44

rectal See Rectal bleeding

in renal failure/uremia

526

910

retinal disorders and

168

in storage pool disease

525

thrombolytic therapy for myocardial infarction and

358

359

vaginal See Menstruation; Vaginal bleeding

in vitamin K deficiency

529

in von Willebrand's disease

523–524

Bleeding history, directed, preoperative

35

36

43–44

Bleeding scans, in lower gastrointestinal bleeding

556

P.1763

Bleeding time

in hemophilia A

525

526

in von Willebrand's/pseudo-von Willebrand's disease

524

525

Bleomycin

1675

Raynaud's phenomenon caused by

465

toxicity of

1675

1684–1685

for wart removal

129

Blepharitis

100

155

Blepharospasm

1012

Blind loop syndrome, vitamin B₁₂ deficiency in

487

Blind spot, enlargement of in optic disk swelling

169

Blindness

150–151

in basilar artery migraine

975

in Beh et's syndrome

851

cortical, occipital lobe lesions causing

1001

diabetic eye disease and

167

1221

fleeting (amaurosis fugax)

166

in giant cell arteritis

846

847

glaucoma causing

161

legal

150

onchocerciasis causing

1527

1528

snow

172

trachoma causing

156

in vitamin A deficiency

1276

Blister, burn

1595

Blistering (bullous) skin disorders

92

125–127

Blocadren See Timolol

Blood

artificial, for volume replacement in shock

479

contaminated, transfusion of

534

disorders of

481–535

exposure to, HIV infection/AIDS transmission risk and

1319

screening

534

for drugs

1615

1615

for hepatitis

534

655

for HIV

534

1319

1331

for HTLV

534

1376

for West Nile virus

534

1372

in stool See Diarrhea, bloody; Dysentery; Fecal occult blood testing

transfusion of See Transfusions

in urine See Erythrocytes; Hematuria; Hemoglobinuria

Blood alcohol level

1615

1624

in acute intoxication/poisoning

1083–1084

1624

laboratory reference range for

1737

Blood culture

in endocarditis

1415

in fever of unknown origin

1287

in gonococcal arthritis

857

in gram-negative bacteremia and sepsis

1423–1424

in nosocomial pneumonia

254

in septic (nongonococcal) arthritis

856

in tuberculosis

258

in typhoid fever

1425

Blood dyscrasias See also Bleeding

retinal disorders associated with

168

Blood flukes, schistosomiasis caused by

1501

Blood gases See Arterial blood gases; Venous blood gases

Blood glucose levels See Glucose, blood levels of

Blood loss See Bleeding

Blood pressure See also Hypertension; Hypotension

duloxetine affecting

1071

in heart disease

314

341

myocardial infarction

356

in hypertension

419

426

classification/management and

420

in hypertensive urgencies/emergencies

442

measurement of

3

419

ambulatory monitoring for

419

orthostatic changes in See also Orthostatic (postural) hypotension

in preeclampsia-eclampsia

771

772

772

773

during pregnancy

416

Blood specimen, tubes for collection of

1743

Blood transfusions See Transfusions

Blood (compatibility) typing, for transfusions

533

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

898–899

899

in acute renal failure

901

901

in chronic renal failure

908

laboratory reference range for

1736

Blood urea nitrogen:creatinine ratio

898–899

in acute renal failure

901

902

Blood vessels See specific type and under Vascular

Blood volume, during pregnancy

416

Blowout fracture, of orbital floor

171

Blue bloaters

238

239

Blue dot sign

934

Blue nevi

93

Blue scleras, in osteogenesis imperfecta

1102

Blue top tubes

1743

Blumer's shelf

597

Blunt trauma, cardiac

414

Blurred vision

150

BMI See Body mass index

BMPR1A gene, in familial juvenile polyposis

636

BMS-217380-01 (tesmilifene)

1701

BNP See B-type natriuretic peptide

Body cavity (primary effusion) lymphoma

1362

Body fat See also Obesity

distribution of in obesity

1267

in diabetics

1196

1198

1267

evaluation of

1263

Body fluid precautions (universal) See Body substance isolation

Body image disturbances, in anorexia nervosa

1271

Body lice

135

Body mass index

13

1263

1265

1267

cancer risk and

1647

genetic factors influencing

1267–1268

in obesity

1098

1267

Body ringworm

101–102

Body substance isolation (universal precautions)

1292

HIV infection/AIDS prevention and

1331

in SARS

1386

Body temperature

basal See Basal body temperature

in burn injury, maintaining

1598

elevated See also Fever; Hyperthermia cholinergic urticaria caused by, 121, 122

in heat exhaustion

1593

in heat stroke

1594

in hypothermia

1590

normal

26

in pulmonary embolism

282

Body water

865

866

water deficit calculation and

872

Body weight See Weight

Boerhaave's syndrome

538

Boils (furunculosis)

138–139

1406

1556

in HIV infection/AIDS

1327–1328

nasal vestibulitis and

197

Boletus (gastrointestinal-irritant type) mushroom poisoning

1629

1630

Bondage (sexual masochism)

1052

Bone

avascular necrosis of

863

blastomycosis involving

1545

coccidioidomycosis involving

859–860

1539

defective mineralization of, in osteomalacia

1158

1160

hydatid cysts of

1513

1514

1515

in hypercalcemia/hyperparathyroidism

911

1150

infections of

858–861

metabolic disease of See also specific disorder

in renal failure

911

1150

mycotic infection of

859–860

myeloma involving

516

Paget's disease of

1161–1162

in syphilis

1450

tetracycline affecting

1571

tuberculosis of

860–861

tumors/tumor-like lesions of

861–862

Bone density measurements/bone densitometry, in osteoporosis

1156

1156

Bone marrow

depression/failure of

in aplastic anemia

497

in cancer chemotherapy

1680–1681

in myelofibrosis

503

in myeloma

515

in neutropenia

498

499

radiation causing

1600

examination/morphology of

in chronic myelogenous leukemia

505

in hairy cell leukemia

512

in myelodysplasia

507

in myelofibrosis

503

in myeloma

516

in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

513

in sideroblastic anemia

486

hydatid cysts of

1513

Bone marrow/stem cell transplantation

802–803

1661

1680

for acute leukemia

509

adenovirus infection and

1386

1387

for aplastic anemia

498

for breast cancer

719

723

for cancer

1661

for chronic lymphocytic leukemia

511

for chronic myelogenous leukemia

505–506

for Hodgkin's disease

515

immunosuppressive therapy after

804

infections following

1289

prevention of

1290

for myelodysplasia

507

for myelofibrosis

504

for myeloma

516

516–517

for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

513

for thalassemia

486

Bone pain

adjuvant modalities for

80

bisphosphonates for

1688

endocrine causes of

1102

in Gaucher's disease

1706

in hyperparathyroidism

1102

malabsorption and

600

management of in cancer patients

1688

in Paget's disease

1161

in renal osteodystrophy

911

Bone scanning

for breast cancer metastases

710

for prostate cancer metastases

963

P.1764

BOOP See Idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia

Boosting, tuberculin skin testing and

258–259

Borderline personality disorder

1054

1055

Bordetella infection

bronchiseptica

1420

pertussis (whooping cough)

1420

prevention of

1304

1305–1306

1420

Boredom, in schizophrenia/psychotic disorders

1057

Bornholm disease (epidemic pleurodynia)

1389

Borrelia (borreliosis)

afzelii

1457

1459

bissettii sp nov

1457

burgdorferi

1457

1458

1459

1554

lymphocytoma caused by

1458

myopericarditis caused by

408

sensu lato

1457

sensu stricto

1457

garinii

1457

recurrentis

1454

1554

Bortezomib (PS-341)

1668

1676

for myeloma

516

Bosentan, for pulmonary hypertension

411

Botulinum antitoxin

1035

1411

Botulinum toxin

1035

1410

Botulinum toxin injections

for achalasia

580

for anal fissures

647

for focal torsion dystonias

1012

Botulism

1035

1302

1410–1411

Bouchard's nodes

808

Bougie dilators See Esophageal dilation

Boutonneuse fever

1392

1396

Boutonni re deformity

828

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease)

1374–1375

Bowel irrigation, for poisoning/drug overdose

1612

Bowen's disease

107

BPH See Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Brachial plexus, in thoracic outlet/cervical rib syndromes

467

816

1031

Brachial plexus neuropathy

1031

Brachiocephalic arteries, occlusive disease of

456

Brachiola connori

1477

Brachytherapy

1659

for lung cancer

271

for prostate cancer

965

Bradycardia/bradyarrhythmias

382–385

in myocardial infarction

356

361

persistent (sick sinus syndrome)

382

in poisoning/drug overdose

1609

sinus See Sinus bradycardia

in sleep apnea

306

syncope caused by

313

Bradykinesia, in parkinsonism

1007

BRAF gene mutation, in papillary thyroid carcinoma

1123

Brain abscess

1003–1004

1295

1555

anaerobes causing

1434

cancer-related

1004

in nocardiosis

1437

otitis media and

186

seizures and

980

Brain cysts

in cysticercosis (neurocysticercosis)

1510–1511

1511

1512

hydatid

1513

Brain death

1019

Brain natriuretic peptide See B-type natriuretic peptide

Brain stem

arteriovenous malformations in

998

ischemia of, seizures differentiated from

983

lesions/tumors/infarction of

1001

coma or stupor caused by

1018

gliomas

1000

1001

Brain stimulation, for parkinsonism

1010

Brain tumors See Intracranial mass lesions

Bran, dietary (bran powder) See Fiber, dietary

Branch retinal artery occlusion

166

Branch retinal vein occlusion

165–166

Branchial cleft cysts

215

BRCA1/BRCA2 genes

1642–1643

breast cancer and

706

706

1642–1643

1656–1657

in male

726

cancer prevention and

1643

1656–1657

ovarian cancer and

743

1642–1643

1656–1657

screening for

1643

Breast

702–707

abscess of

704–705

nipple discharge caused by

704

puerperal mastitis and

787

augmented See also Breast implants

disorders of

705

benign disorders of

702–705

biopsy of

in breast mass evaluation

710–712

711

712

in fat necrosis

704

in fibroadenoma

703

in fibrocystic condition

702

mammographic localization

712

stereotactic

712

cancer of See Breast cancer

examination of, in cancer screening/early detection

15

707

709–710

709

710

1654–1655

1655

fat necrosis of

704

fibroadenoma of

703

fibrocystic condition and

702–703

breast cancer risk and

702

703

705–706

706

nipple discharge in

702

704

mass/lump in See Breast cancer; Lump (breast)

phyllodes tumor of

703

reconstruction of after mastectomy

718

725–726

local recurrence and

705

self-examination of

in cancer screening

14

15

708

1655

in fibrocystic condition

703

Breast cancer

705–727

arm edema and

477

710

725

bilateral

716

biopsy in diagnosis of

710–712

711

712

breast reconstruction/implants and

705

718

725–726

local recurrence and

705

clinical clues to detection of

709–713

709

710

clinical examination in detection/evaluation of

15

707

709–710

709

710

1654–1655

1655

diet and

706

1647

1647–1648

differential diagnosis of

713

ductal carcinoma in situ and

713

716

716

early detection/screening for

707–713

1654–1655

in elderly

55

genetic testing and

706

1643

endometrial cancer and

706

706

estrogen replacement therapy and

706

724

1187

1188

1645

fibrocystic condition and

702

703

705–706

genetic mutations associated with

706

706

1641

1642

1642–1643

1643

prevention and

1643

1656–1657

screening for

706

1643

hormone receptor sites and

716–717

prognosis and

720

724

treatment and

716–717

719

720

721–722

1670

1679

incidence/risk/mortality of

705–706

706

1639

1640

1640

in male

726

in situ

713

716

716

lactation and

716

782

lobular carcinoma in situ and

713

716

716

in male

726–727

in Klinefelter's syndrome

1707

mammography in detection/evaluation of

14

15

707–708

708–709

711

712

712

1654–1655

breast implants and

705

metastatic

710

imaging for

710

lymph node assessment and

709–710

709

710

treatment of

721–724

721

nipple discharge in

704

713

noninvasive

716

oral contraceptive use and

706

753

Paget's

713–715

nipple involvement and

107–108

713

paraneoplastic syndromes associated with

1696–1697

pathologic types of

713

716

prognosis and

724

pleural effusion in

302

pregnancy affecting risk of

705

706

pregnancy and

716

724

726

782

prevention of

14

15

chemoprevention and

1651–1652

1652

genetic risk factors and

1643

1656–1657

prognosis for

720

724

724

in male

726

727

recurrence and

725

recurrence of

724

725

breast reconstruction/implants and

705

Oncotype Dx assay in assessment of

1642

1679

self-examination in prevention/screening of

14

15

708

1655

smoking and

5

1647

staging of

713

714–715

primary therapy choice and

717

prognosis and

724

724

treatment of

717–724

1665

adjuvant systemic

718–720

720

1679

breast-conserving

717–718

718

1658

chemotherapy in

719

720

723

1665

choice of primary therapy and

717

curative

717–721

720

follow-up

724–726

hormone receptor status and

716–717

719

720

721–722

1670

1679

hormone therapy in

719

721–723

721

1670

in male

727

palliative

721–724

721

during pregnancy/lactation

716

726

782

radiation therapy in

721

recommendations in

718

P.1765

secondary malignancy and

1644–1645

targeted therapy in

721–723

ultrasonography in evaluation of

711

712

713

Breast-conserving therapy, for breast cancer

717–718

1658

local recurrence and

725

during pregnancy/lactation

716

recommendations regarding

718

Breast feeding See Lactation

Breast implants

breast cancer in patient with

705

for breast reconstruction

725

local cancer recurrence and

705

disorders associated with

705

rupture of

705

Breast milk See Lactation

Breast pain, in fibrocystic condition

702

703

Breast surgery See Lumpectomy; Mastectomy

Breath odor

in cyanide poisoning

1623

in diabetic ketoacidosis

1198

1228

in uremia

907

Breath sounds

221

Breathing See also under Respiratory

abnormalities of in coma or stupor

1018

accessory muscles of

221

assessment of rate and pattern of

221

sleep-related disorders of

305–306

Breathing exercises, for COPD

242

Brenner tumor

745

Brethaire See Terbutaline

Brethine See Terbutaline

Bretylium

370

for ventricular tachycardia

379–380

Brevibloc See Esmolol

Bricanyl See Terbutaline

Brief psychotic disorders

1057

Brill's disease

1392

1393

Brimonidine

for glaucoma/intraocular hypertension

161

173

overdose/toxicity of

1623

Brinzolamide, for glaucoma/intraocular hypertension

161

173

Briquet's syndrome

1048

Brodie-Trendelenburg test

469

Brodifacoum poisoning

1618–1619

Brody's disease

1102

Bromocriptine See also Dopamine agonists

breast feeding and

786

for cocaine withdrawal

1089

for ovulation induction

750

for parkinsonism

1009

Brompheniramine

789

Bronchi, foreign body in

214

Bronchial arteries, as source of hemoptysis

220

Bronchial carcinoid tumors (bronchial adenomas)

272

Bronchial lung sounds

221

Bronchial obstruction

226

Bronchial provocation testing

794

in asthma

224

227

794

cough-variant

219

Bronchiectasis

243–244

COPD differentiated from

240

cough in

21

243

cystic fibrosis and

243

245

Bronchiolitis

246–247

adenoviruses causing

1386

constrictive (bronchiolitis obliterans)

246

with organizing pneumonia (BOOP/cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis/COP)

246–247

276–278

278

postinfectious

246

toxic fume

246

proliferative

246

respiratory

247

interstitial lung disease associated with (RB-ILD)

276–278

277

respiratory syncytial virus causing

1381–1382

Bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma

267

Bronchitis

chlamydial

1442

chronic

238

239

cough and

21

219

imaging findings in

239

industrial

297

management of

242

pulmonary function tests in

239

hemoptysis and

220

high-altitude

1605

in influenza

1384

Bronchoalveolar lavage, for respiratory secretion analysis

in interstitial (diffuse parenchymal) lung disease

276

in Pneumocystis pneumonia

255

1322

in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

279

in sarcoidosis

279

Bronchoconstriction See Asthma; Bronchospasm

Bronchodilators

adverse ocular effects of

178

for asthma

exacerbation management and

234

236–237

long-acting

231

236–237

short-acting

234–236

for bronchiectasis

244

for COPD

241

for cystic fibrosis

246

Bronchogenic carcinoma

266–272

Bronchopneumonia, in measles

1363

Bronchoprovocation testing See Bronchial provocation testing

Bronchopulmonary mycosis/aspergillosis, allergic

244

1544

Bronchoscopy

225

in hemoptysis

220

in lung cancer

268

in pneumonia

254

in immunocompromised host

256

in solitary pulmonary nodule

266

in tuberculosis

257

Bronchospasm/bronchoconstriction See also Asthma

in desensitization therapy

1316

exercise-induced

227

long-acting beta-adrenergic agents for

231

mediator inhibitors for

231

short-acting beta-adrenergic agents for

234

in pulmonary edema

398

Brown recluse spider bites

136

1636

Brown-S quard syndrome

1021

Brown tumors of bone, in hyperparathyroidism

1150

Brucella abortus/melitensis/suis (brucellosis)

1429–1430

1552

Bruch's membrane, in age-related macular degeneration

164–165

Brudzinski sign, in meningococcal meningitis

1421

Brugia

malayi

1522

1523

eosinophilic pulmonary syndromes and

280

1522–1523

timori

1522

Bruits

carotid

456

in cerebral arteriovenous malformation

997–998

in heart disease

314

Brush border enzyme deficiency

601

Bruxism, earache and

187

BSE See Bovine spongiform encephalopathy; Breast, self-examination of

Buboes

in lymphogranuloma venereum

645

1440

in plague

1430

Budd-Chiari syndrome (hepatic vein obstruction)

678–680

Budesonide

for asthma

232

for inflammatory bowel disease

621

Crohn's disease

625

microscopic colitis

631

Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans)

462–463

Bufotenin, toxicity of

1624

Bulbar palsy, progressive

1022

Bulbar poliomyelitis

1366

1367

Bulbocavernosus reflex

948

Bulbospinal neuronopathy, X-linked

1022

Bulimia nervosa

1271–1272

with anorexia nervosa (bulimarexia)

1271–1272

Bullectomy, for emphysema

243

Bullous impetigo, in HIV infection/AIDS

1327

Bullous pemphigoid

127

Bullous (blistering) skin disorders

92

125–127

Bumetanide

429

for hypertensive urgencies/emergencies

445

Bumex See Bumetanide

BUN See Blood urea nitrogen

Bundle branch block

383

in myocardial infarction

362

Buprenorphine

74

1631

Bupropion

1070

1072

overdose/toxicity of, seizures/serotonin syndrome caused by

1637

for smoking cessation

7

11

Burin variant of MEN 1

1192

Burkholderia mallei (glanders)

1553

Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis)

1553

infection in drug users caused by

1299

Burkitt's lymphoma

512

513

chromosomal abnormalities in

512

1641

Epstein-Barr virus in

1359

1644

Burn blister

1595

Burn surface area, estimating

1595

1595

Burning mouth syndrome

203–204

Burning/scratching, of eye

150

Burns

1595–1599

1595

abdominal compartment syndrome and

1597

chemical See Chemical injury

depth of

1595

electric

1596

1597

1599

fasciotomy in

1597

extent of

1595

1595

flash (arcing)

1599

P.1766

Joule

1599

management of

fluid resuscitation in

1596

1597

initial

1596

patient support and

1598

wound care

1597–1598

psychiatric/psychologic problems associated with hospitalization and

1096

radiation

1600

smoke inhalation and

293

1596

survival after

1596

systemic reactions to

1596

Bursitis

823

Buruli ulcer

1438

Buspar See Buspirone

Buspirone

1045

for anxiety

1046

for obsessive-compulsive disorders

1047

Busulfan

1672

1684

Butane toxicity/abuse

1627

Butenafine

89

Butoconazole, for vaginal candidiasis

732

Butorphanol

74

Butterfly rash, in systemic lupus erythematosus

834

835

Butyrate, for radiation-induced toxicity

1683

Butyrophenones

1059

1059

1060

Bypass grafting

coronary artery See Coronary artery bypass grafting

for erectile dysfunction

952

for lower extremity occlusive disease

454–455

for renal artery stenosis

460

914

Bypass surgery, for obesity

14

1099

1269

Byssinosis

297