Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment, 2006 (Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment)

function get_content(e, fragment) { return window.parent.get_content(e, fragment); } function update_crumbtrail() { var ct_element; var ct_doc; var contenthead; contenthead = window.parent.contenthead; if (!contenthead) { setTimeout("update_crumbtrail()", 1000); return; } ct_doc = contenthead.document; if (!ct_doc) { setTimeout("update_crumbtrail()", 1000); return; } ct_element = ct_doc.getElementById('crumbtrail'); if (ct_element) { ct_element.innerHTML = '> Back of Book> INDEX> D'; } else { setTimeout("update_crumbtrail()", 1000); return; } } update_crumbtrail(); Copyright 2006 McGraw-Hill

Tierney, Lawrence M., McPhee, Stephen J., Papadakis, Maxine A.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment, 45th Edition

document.getElementById('working').innerHTML = ''; function hide_scrollbar() { var e = document.body; e.style.scrollbarBaseColor = '#fff'; e.style.scrollbarArrowColor = '#fff'; e.style.scrollbarDarkShadowColor = '#fff'; e.style.scrollbarShadowColor = '#fff'; } function show_scrollbar() { var e = document.body; e.style.scrollbarBaseColor = '#ccc'; e.style.scrollbarArrowColor = '#000'; e.style.scrollbarDarkShadowColor = '#000'; e.style.scrollbarShadowColor = '#666'; } function toggle_CA(e) { var src; src = window.parent.getSrc(e); if (src.nextSibling.style.display == 'block') { src.nextSibling.style.display='none'; src.innerHTML='View Answer'; } else { src.nextSibling.style.display='block'; src.innerHTML='Hide Answer'; } } function resolve_link(e,setid,locator,dbid,toan) { e.href = "ovidweb.cgi?S=IDNJHKKKJGEPJK00D;FTS+Link+Set+Ref=" + setid + "|" + locator + "|" + dbid + "|" + toan; return true; }

D

D antigen, in compatibility testing

533

D&C

729

for abnormal premenopausal bleeding

729

D cells, pancreatic

1178

D-dimer fibrin

in deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism

281

471

in disseminated intravascular coagulation

530

laboratory reference range for

1738

D state sleep

1078

D-xylose test, in bacterial overgrowth

605

Dacarbazine

1672

Daclizumab

805

Dacryocystitis

155

Dactinomycin

1674

Dairy intolerance See Lactose (milk) intolerance

Dalfopristin/quinupristin See Quinupristin/dalfopristin

“Dallas” criteria, in infectious myocarditis

399–400

Dalmane See Flurazepam

Dalteparin, for venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism

in prevention

287

in treatment

288

Danaparoid, for venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism prevention

287

Danazol, for endometriosis

740

Dander, animal, avoidance therapy for allergies caused by

788

Dandruff

100

Dantrolene

for neuroleptic malignant syndrome

1063

1633

for spasticity

1016

Dapsone

1576

for leprosy

1440

1576

for malaria chemoprophylaxis/treatment

with proguanil (Lapdap)

1488

with pyrimethamine (Maloprim)

1488

for Pneumocystis jiroveci infection chemoprophylaxis/treatment

1346

1347

1542

1576

prophylactic

1290

1576

resistance to

1440

1576

Daptomycin

1579

cost of

1561

therapy adjustments in renal or hepatic failure and

1558

Darbopoetin, for chemotherapy-induced toxicity

1678

1681

Darier's disease, vaccinia and

111

Darkfield microscopic examination

in leptospirosis

1456

in syphilis

1445

DASH diet, in hypertension/hypertension prevention

421

426

“Date-rape” drug (gamma-hydroxybutyrate/GHB)

1625

Datril See Acetaminophen

Datura stramonium, toxicity of

1620

Daunorubicin/daunomycin

1675

liposomal

1666

1675

toxicity of

1675

1685

Daunosome See Daunorubicin/daunomycin, liposomal

DaunoXome See Daunorubicin/daunomycin, liposomal

Dawn phenomenon

1219

1219

DAX-1 gene mutation, in congenital adrenal hypoplasia/hypogonadism/azoospermia

1104

1181

Daypro See Oxaprozin

Daytime somnolence See Somnolence

DBE See Deep breathing exercises

DC cardioversion See Cardioversion, electrical

DCCT (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial)

1202

1226

DCIS See Ductal carcinoma in situ

DDAVP See Desmopressin

ddC See Zalcitabine

ddI See Didanosine

DDT (chlorophenothane), poisoning caused by

1622

De-efferented state (locked-in syndrome)

1019

De Quervain's (subacute) thyroiditis

1131

1135

1141

1144–1145

1146

“Deadly quartet.” See Syndrome X

Deafness See Hearing loss

Dean Ornish Diet

1247

Death See also End of life

hypothermia simulating

1590

1608

K bler-Ross' stages of

82–83

patient expectations about

67–68

preventable causes of

2

pronouncement of

84–85

sudden See Sudden death

tasks after

84–85

Death certificate

84–85

Decerebrate posturing

1017

Decision making, medical

advance directives and

70

assessment of older patient's capacity for

53–54

Decompression sickness

1603–1604

Decontamination

eye

172

1611

1617

1618

gastrointestinal

1607

1611–1613

for radiation accident victims

1601

skin

1610–1611

1617

1618

1632

nerve agents in chemical warfare and

1611

1622

Decorticate posturing

1017

Decubitus ulcers (bed/pressure sores)

140–141

141

bed rest/immobility and

60

140–141

De-efferented state (locked-in syndrome)

1019

Deep breathing exercises, prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications and

42

Deep neck infections

207

Deep sulcus sign, in pneumothorax

303

Deep venous thrombosis

470–472

See also Venous thrombosis

Baker's cyst differentiated from

471

823

in burn injury

1598

cellulitis differentiated from

125

detection of

281–284

282

285

471

hypercoagulability and

281

470

531

532

lower extremity edema and

24–26

25

oral contraceptive use and

470

752–753

prevention of

284

286

287

471–472

pulmonary embolism and

280–281

283

treatment of

284–289

288

venous insufficiency/stasis and

24–26

25

281

470

471

473

P.1781

in Wegener's granulomatosis

848

Deer ticks See Ticks

DEET (N,M-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) mosquito repellent

1488

Deferipone, for transfusional hemosiderosis

486

Deferoxamine

for hemochromatosis/iron toxicity

677

1625–1626

for transfusional hemosiderosis

486

Defibrillator cardioverter, implantable See Implantable cardioverter defibrillator

Deflazacort

1192

1193

See also Corticosteroids

Degenerative joint disease/arthritis

807–810

See also Osteoarthritis

Dehydration

calculating water deficit in

872

in cholera

1428

in diabetes insipidus

1109

in diabetic ketoacidosis

1229

1230

hypercalcemia/hyperparathyroidism and

879

880

hypernatremia and

871

872

enteral nutritional support and

1283

hyperosmolality and

872

in hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state

1231

1232

hyperosmolar nonketotic, parenteral nutritional support and

1284

management of See Fluid management/hydration

vomiting and

538–539

Dehydroemetine

adverse effects of

1472

for amebiasis

1470

1471

1472

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

1163

1721

1721

for Addison's disease

1166

1721

1721

for hypopituitarism

1106–1107

serum levels of, in Addison's disease

1166

for systemic lupus erythematosus

835

1721

1721

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS)

1163

1170

1721

1721

hirsutism/virilization and

1170

1171

1721

D j vu

seizures and

981

temporal lobe lesions causing

1001

Dejerine-Sottas disease

1024

Delavirdine

1338

1342

1343

See also Antiretroviral therapy

resistance to

1345

Delayed hypersensitivity reactions See also Hypersensitivity reactions

in nutritional assessment

1263

in schistosomiasis

1502

Delayed puberty See Puberty

Delirium

59

1090–1094

1091

alcohol use/abuse and

1084

1093

clinical findings in

1091–1092

in elderly

59

postoperative

44

44

urinary incontinence and

62

hospitalization and medical-surgical disorders and

1095

1096

lithium-induced

1076

postoperative

44

in terminally ill/dying patient

81

treatment of

59

1092–1093

Delirium tremens

1084

Delivery See Labor and delivery

Delta agent (hepatitis D virus)

654

Delta F508 mutation, in cystic fibrosis

245

Delta sleep

1078

Delta wave, in preexcitation syndromes

374

Delusional disorders/delusions

1057

1057–1058

Demadex See Torsemide

Demeclocycline

adverse effects of

1571

for hyponatremia

870

Dementia

55–58

1014

1090–1094

See also Alzheimer's disease

caregiver issues and

57

clinical findings in

56

1092

cortical

1092

in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

1092

1374

depression and (pseudodementia)

1092

in elderly

1094

in Down's syndrome

1704–1705

in elderly

55–58

1092

1094

assessment of/screening for

51

52–53

decision-making capacity and

53–54

estrogen replacement therapy and

761

1187

1188

frontotemporal

56

ginkgo for

57

1712

1715

in HIV infection/AIDS

1092

1324

in Huntington's disease

1010

1011

1092

hypertension and

425

with Lewy bodies

56

medication use and

56–57

motor findings and

56

multi-infarct (vascular)

425

1092

in niacin deficiency/pellagra

1103

1274

subcortical

56

1092

treatment of

57–58

1092–1093

Demerol See Meperidine

Demyelinating neuropathies/polyneuropathies

1023

See also specific type

in HIV infection/AIDS

1026

1325

optic neuritis and

169

in paraproteinemia/myeloma

517

1025

Demyelination See also Demyelinating neuropathies/polyneuropathies

in Guillain-Barr syndrome

1027

hyponatremia treatment and

870

in multiple sclerosis

1014

in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

1375

Dendritic cell tumor vaccines

1700

Dengue

1371

1377–1378

Denileukin diftitox (ONTAK)

1668

1676

Dental disorders

actinomycosis and

1436

anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections and

255

1434

deep neck infections and

207

earache and

187

facial pain caused by

979

hepatic abscess and

681

sinusitis and

195

Dental pain, acupuncture for

1726

1728

Dentatorubral-pallidolysian atrophy

1011

Dentures, foreign body aspiration and

214

Dependence (drug) See also specific drug and

Substance use disorders

in opioid therapy

73

1087

Dependent personality disorder

1055

Depersonalization

1044

in schizophrenia/psychotic disorders

1058

temporal lobe lesions causing

1001

Depigmentation disorders

143

See also Hypopigmentation

Depression

58–59

1065–1078

adjustment disorder with

1066

alcohol dependency and

1067

1075

1083

with atypical features

1066

1068

bipolar disorder and

1066–1067

chronic pain and

1050

complications of

1067–1068

dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) for

1721

1721

dementia in (pseudodementia)

1092

in elderly

1094

differential diagnosis of

1067

dispensing medications and

1068

1068–1069

drug-induced

1067

drug therapy for

1068–1073

1069

1071

1072

1074

See also Antidepressants

dysthymia

1066

in elderly

58–59

1094

caregiver issues and

54

screening for

51

53

53

stimulants for

1068

1095

urinary incontinence and

62

electroconvulsive therapy for

1068

1073–1074

at end-of-life

83

experimental treatments for

1074

headache associated with

975

hospitalization and medical-surgical disorders and

1095

1096

1097

illness/drugs causing

1067

lithium for

1068

1073

major depressive disorder

1066

obsessive-compulsive disorder and

1044

oral contraceptive use and

753

1067

panic disorder and

1043

phototherapy for

1074

postmenopausal (involutional melancholia)

760

1187

with postpartum onset

1066

1103

premenstrual

1066

1103

S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) for

1719

1721

schizophrenia/psychotic disorders/ideation and

1057

1058

1067

1068

screening for

3

1040

in elderly

51

53

53

with seasonal onset

1066

1068

1074

sleep disorders and

1079

somatization disorder and

1048

St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) for

1711–1714

1713

suicide and

1067–1068

in terminally ill/dying patient

83

treatment of

1068–1075

1069

See also Antidepressants

Dermabrasion, for acne scars

117

Dermacentor ticks See Ticks

Dermatitis

atopic See Atopic dermatitis

cercarial, in schistosomiasis

1502

contact

allergic

113–115

impetigo differentiated from

113

114

urticarial lesions in

121–122

irritant

114

tinea pedis differentiated from

103

contagious pustular (orf)

1388

drugs causing

146–149

147–149

exfoliative (exfoliative erythroderma)

106–107

drugs causing

106

147

psoriatic

97

107

See also Psoriasis

hand, vesiculobullous (pompholyx/dyshidrosis/dyshidrotic eczema)

111–112

herpetiformis

112–113

P.1782

celiac disease and

113

602

HLA in

112–113

801

in hookworm disease (ground itch)

1525

medicamentosa (drug eruption)

146–149

147–149

in niacin deficiency/pellagra

1274

perioral

115

118

seborrheic See Seborrheic dermatitis

stasis

474

leg ulcers and

141

474

Dermatologic therapy

86–91

87–90

adverse ocular effects of

179

complications of

91

Dermatomes, herpes zoster following

109

1356

Dermatomyositis

840–842

autoantibodies in

836

841

cancer-related

840

841

862

1005

1696

1698

sine myositis

840

Dermatop See Prednicarbate

Dermatopathic lymphadenitis/lymphadenopathy

106

Dermatophytosis

103–104

tinea corporis/circinata and

101–102

Dermoid cysts, ovarian

744

Dermopathy

in Graves' disease (pretibial myxedema)

1135

1137

1142

kava use and

1717

DES See Diethylstilbestrol

Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin, in hepatocellular carcinoma

682

Desensitization techniques

for depression

1075

for phobic disorders

1047

for surgery- or illness-related anxiety

1097

Desensitization therapy See also Immunotherapy

for asthma

234

790–791

for drug allergies

794

1315–1316

to penicillin

1315–1316

1564

Designer drugs

1090

Desipramine

1068

1071

1072

See also Antidepressants

monitoring concentrations of

1071

1733

for neuropathic pain/painful diabetic neuropathy

79

1223

Desloratadine

789

See also Antihistamines

Desmogleins, in pemphigus

125

126

Desmopressin (DDAVP)

for bleeding in uremia/chronic renal failure

526

910

in diabetes insipidus diagnosis

1109

in diabetes insipidus treatment

1109

for hemophilia A

527

for von Willebrand's disease

524

Desmosomal proteins, in pemphigus

125–126

Desogestrel, in combination oral contraceptives

751–752

thromboembolism and

753

Desonide

87

Desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP)

276–278

Desynchronization sleep disorder

1078

Desyrel See Trazodone

Detergent worker's lung

296

Detrusor muscle disorders, urinary incontinence and

62–63

63

64

948

949

See also Overflow incontinence; Urge incontinence

DEV (duck embryo) rabies vaccine

1370

1371

DeVega annuloplasty

337

DEXA See Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry

Dexamethasone

1192

1193

See also Corticosteroids

for acute mountain sickness

1604

in cancer chemotherapy

1674

for nausea and vomiting

540

1682

for ophthalmic disorders

174

in pain management

80

for spinal tumors/cord compression

1003

1689–1690

Dexamethasone suppression test, in Cushing's syndrome diagnosis

1168

Dexfenfluramine, withdrawal of from market

1269

Dexrazoxane, for chemotherapy-induced toxicity

1677

1685

Dextroamphetamine

for depression

1068

for narcolepsy

1080

Dextromethorphan

monoamine oxidase inhibitor interaction and

1074

overdose/toxicity of

1631

Dextrose

for coma

1017

1608

in fluid management

894

895

for hypernatremia

872

DHEA See Dehydroepiandrosterone

DHEAS See Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate

DHT See Dihydrotachysterol; Dihydrotestosterone

Diabeta See Glyburide

Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)

1202

1226

Diabetes insipidus

1108–1110

craniopharyngioma and

1106

nephrogenic

874

1108

1109–1110

demeclocycline causing

1571

hypercalcemia/hyperparathyroidism and

879

880

1150

hypernatremia in

871

1109

1110

lithium causing

1076

in Wolfram syndrome

1108

Diabetes mellitus

1194–1227

See also under

Diabetic

antipsychotic drug use and

1062

1063

atrial fibrillation and

375

375

beta-blocker use in

433

blood glucose self-monitoring in

1200

1217

chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction/gastroparesis in

609

1224

cirrhosis and

669

classification and pathogenesis of

1194–1197

1195

clinical findings in

1198–1201

1198

complications of

1221–1226

clinical studies of glycemic control and

1202

1203–1205

insulin therapy causing

1220–1221

ocular

167

1198

1198

1221

See also Diabetic retinopathy

transient refractive errors

154

continuous glucose monitoring systems in

1200–1201

differential diagnosis of

1201–1202

epidemiologic considerations in

1194

1195

erectile dysfunction in

1101

1224

1224–1225

exercise in prevention/management of

12

1203

1216–1217

external otitis/osteomyelitis of skull base and

182–183

foot disorders/foot care in

1223

1225

gestational

776–777

777

glaucoma in

1221

glucose tolerance test in

1199

1199

glucosuria in

1198

1199

glycemic control in

acceptable levels of

1219–1220

clinical studies in evaluation of

1202

glycated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1) measurements in evaluation of

1199–1200

1202

1203

1204

1205

1218

1220

intensive insulin therapy for See Insulin therapy, intensive

pregnancy and

776

777

1226

surgery and

45–46

45

glycosuria in

1198

HLA in

801

1195

1195

hypernatremia and

871

hypertension in

423

425

439–440

1222

ACE inhibitors for

425

433

440

440

923

1203–1205

1205

1222

antihypertensive therapy regimens for

439

439–440

440

1203–1205

1205

1222

1225

benefits of control of

423

425

439–440

923

1204–1205

1222

hypertriglyceridemia in

1201

1243

1244

insulin resistance and

1196–1197

1197–1198

See also Insulin resistance/insulin insensitivity; Insulin resistance syndrome

ketonuria in

1199

laboratory findings in

1199–1201

1199

latent autoimmune of adulthood (LADA)

1195

lipid/lipoprotein abnormalities in

1201

1243

1244

maturity-onset of young (MODY)

1195

1197

mitochondrial DNA mutations and

1197

mucormycosis in

197

mutant insulin/mutant insulin receptors causing

1197

neurogenic arthropathy (Charcot joint) in

862

1223

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and

667

668

occult (late hypoglycemia)

1234

1238

ocular examinations in

161

167

in pancreatic and periampullary carcinoma

700

patient education (self-management training) in

1217

prebreakfast hyperglycemia in

1218–1219

1219

during pregnancy

776–777

777

1226

screening for

765

777

prognosis for

1226

renal failure and

911

923

1222

dialysis for

912

1222

self-monitoring of blood glucose and

1200

1217

serum fructosamine levels in

1200

surgery in patients with

44–46

44

treatment of

aspirin in

1205

1225

clinical trials in evaluation of

1202–1205

diet in

1205–1206

1216–1217

See also Diet

general considerations in

1216–1217

goals of

1202

insulin in

1212–1216

See also Insulin therapy

oral drugs in

1206–1212

1207

1208

See also Antidiabetic agents, oral

regimens for

1205–1216

steps in

1217–1219

transplantation in

1216

type 1

1194–1196

1195

P.1783

clinical findings in

1198

1198

clinical trials in

1202

coxsackievirus infection and

1390

HLA in

801

1195

1195

idiopathic (type 1B)

1195

1195

immune-mediated (type 1A)

1194

1195

1195

1196

insulin therapy for

1212–1216

1213

1214

1218–1219

1219

type 2

1196–1197

antipsychotic use and

1062

1063

clinical findings in

1198–1199

1198

clinical trials in

1202–1205

coenzyme Q10 for

1722

hepatitis C and

655

insulin therapy for

1203

1218

in nonobese patients

1196–1197

1218

in obese patients

1098

1196

1198

1217

oral drugs for management of

1206–1212

1207

1208

polycystic ovary syndrome and

746–747

urinalysis findings in

1199

weight loss (unintended) in

1099

1198

1198

in Wolfram syndrome

1197

Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP)

1203

Diabetes Prevention Trial-1 (DPT-1)

1202

Diabetic amyotrophy

1025

1223

Diabetic cataracts

1221

Diabetic coma

1198

1227–1233

1228

See also specific cause

in diabetic ketoacidosis

1227–1231

1228

in hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state

1228

1231–1232

lactic acidosis and

1228

1233

Diabetic diarrhea

1224

Diabetic dyslipidemia

1201

1243

1244

Diabetic ketoacidosis

887–888

1198

1227–1231

1228

hyperchloremic normal anion gap acidosis and

887–888

1231

hyperkalemia and

875

1230

insulin infusion pump use and

1216

1229

Diabetic maculopathy/macular edema

1221

Diabetic nephropathy

923

1221–1223

glycemic control and

923

1202

1204

1222

hypertension/hypertension control and

423

425

439–440

923

1222

Diabetic neuropathic cachexia

1223–1224

Diabetic neuropathy

1025

1198

1222–1225

clinical studies of glycemic control and

1202

foot ulcers/gangrene and

1223

1225

Diabetic retinopathy

167

1221

glycemic control and

167

1202

1204

Diabetic shin spots

1100

1225

DiabetiSweet See Acesulfame potassium

Diabinese See Chlorpropamide

Diagnostic/laboratory tests See also specific disorder

in poisoning/drug overdose

1614–1615

1614

1615

in prenatal care

764

See also Prenatal testing

for screening See also Screening tests

specimen collection for

tubes for

1743

for urinalysis

896

934

Dialectical behavioral therapy, for personality disorders

1055

Dialysis

912–913

for acute tubular necrosis

904

“gut” (repeat-dose charcoal)

1613

hypercalcemia/hyperphosphatemia associated with

880

883

for hyperkalemia

876

877

for hyperphosphatemia

883

in older adult

930

for poisoning/drug overdose

1613

1613

with lithium

1077

1613

with methanol or ethylene glycol

1613

1628

with salicylates

1613

1634

with theophylline

1613

1637

with valproic acid

1613

preoperative

46

for renal failure

912–913

coagulopathy and

910

in diabetic

912

1222

for rewarming in hypothermia

1591

skin lesions and (porphyria cutanea tarda-like)

112

for uremic pericarditis

408

910

Diaminopyrimidines, for malaria chemoprophylaxis/treatment

1488

Diaphragm

221

Diaphragm (contraceptive)

756

Diarrhea

545–551

See also specific cause and

Colitis; Gastroenteritis

acute

545–548

546

547

547

1299–1300

1302–1303

antibiotic-associated (Clostridium difficile)

545

546

618–620

1300

1302

antibiotics for

548

in bacterial overgrowth

605

in balantidiasis

1475

bloody

546

555

See also Dysentery

campylobacter causing

545

1299

1300

1301

1302

1428–1429

Guillain-Barr syndrome and

1027

in carcinoid syndrome

611

1692

in celiac disease

602

603

in cholera

1299

1300

1428

chronic

548–551

548

550

clostridial

545

546

coccidial and microsporidial

1475–1478

in Crohn's disease

549

622

625

in diabetic autonomic neuropathy

1224

diet in management of

546

drugs in management of

546–548

See also Antidiarrheal agents

enteral nutritional support and

1283

Escherichia coli causing

545

546

1299

1300

1301

1302

1427

factitious

548

549

fecal impaction and

544

fluid management in

546

in giardiasis

545

546

549

550

1299

1479

in hyperoxaluric calcium nephrolithiasis

946

hypokalemia caused by

873

in immunocompromised host/HIV infection/AIDS

545

546

549

1326–1327

1475–1478

infectious

acute

545–548

546

547

547

1299–1300

1302–1303

chronic

548

549

inflammatory

545–546

546

548

549

1299

in intestinal amebiasis

545

546

549

550

1468

in irritable bowel syndrome

616

in lactase deficiency

549

606

in malabsorption

548

549

600

in measles

1363

in microscopic colitis

631

motility disorders and

548

549

in niacin deficiency/pellagra

1274

noninflammatory

545

546

1299

Norwalk/Norwalk-like agents causing

1299

1389

osmotic

548

549

radiation causing

1683

rotaviruses causing

1299

1389

in schistosomiasis

1502

secretory

548

549

in short bowel syndrome

606

traveler's

545

1300–1301

coccidial and microsporidial

1475

in typhoid fever

1425

in ulcerative colitis

549

627

627

in vibrio infection

546

1299

1300

1302

1428

viral

545

1299

1389

in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma)

595

1178

Diastolic blood pressure, in hypertension

419

urgencies/emergencies

442

Diastolic dysfunction/heart failure

386

386–387

390

See also Congestive heart (cardiac) failure

in restrictive cardiomyopathy

404

Diastolic murmurs

315

See also Heart murmurs

Diatrizoate meglumine (Hypaque) enema, in acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome)

608

Diazepam

1044

1045

See also Benzodiazepines

adverse ocular effects of

178

for alcohol withdrawal

1086

for anxiety

1044

1045

breast feeding and

786

for nausea and vomiting

540

for status epilepticus

986

Diazoxide

for hypertensive urgencies/emergencies

443

445

for insulinoma

1237

Dibenzodiazepines

1059

1060

See also Antipsychotic drugs

Dibenzothiazepine

1059

1060

See also Antipsychotic drugs

Dibenzoxazepines

1059

1059

1060

See also Antipsychotic drugs

DIC See Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Dichuchwa (endemic syphilis)

1454

Diclofenac

75

for ophthalmic disorders

174

Dicloxacillin

1564

Dicyclomine, for irritable bowel syndrome

617

Didanosine (ddI)

1337

1339

1342

1343

1343

See also Antiretroviral therapy

neuropathy and

1325

1339

resistance to

1344

DIDMOAD (Wolfram syndrome)

1108

1197

Diet See also Nutrition

acne and

116

breast cancer risk and

706

1647

in cancer prevention

1647

1648

in cardiac failure management

395

cholesterol-lowering

1247–1248

1278–1279

in cirrhosis

670

colorectal cancer and

638

1647

consistency alterations and

1277–1278

constipation and

541–542

542–543

coronary heart disease and

339–340

in Crohn's disease

624

in diabetes mellitus

1205–1206

1216–1217

complications rates and

1205

for nonobese type 2 diabetic

1218

for obese type 2 diabetic

1217

pregnancy and

777

prevention and

1203

P.1784

in diarrhea control

546

in gastroesophageal reflux management

568

gluten-free, for celiac disease/dermatitis herpetiformis

113

601

603

in gout

812

health maintenance recommendations/guidelines for

3

1259–1263

1261–1262

in hemochromatosis

677

in hypertension/hypertension prevention

421

426

in hypertriglyceridemia

1252

for insulinoma

1237

in irritable bowel syndrome

617

lipid-lowering

1247–1249

1278–1279

Mediterranean, for lipid modification

1247–1248

nutrient-restricting

1278–1279

nutrient-supplementing

1279

obesity management/prevention and

14

1099

1268–1269

in osteoporosis prevention/management

1158

in pancreatitis

696

698

during pregnancy

764

766–767

diabetes mellitus and

777

in renal failure

911–912

therapeutic

1277–1280

in ulcerative colitis

628

urinary stone formation and

943–944

Diet recalls, twenty-four-hour

1263

Diet record, 3- to 5-day

1263

Diet therapy

1277–1280

See also Diet; Nutrition

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

1259

1261–1262

Dietary history

1263

Dietary reference intakes (DRIs)

1253

1254–1255

1256

1257

Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act (DSHEA)

1710

1719

Dietary supplements

1719–1722

1720

hepatic failure and

658

regulation/quality assurance and

1710

1719

Diethylcarbamazine

for filariasis diagnosis/treatment

1523

for loiasis

1527

Diethylpropion, for obesity

1269

Diethylstilbestrol

for breast cancer

721

in male

727

in utero exposure to, effects of

734

Dieulafoy's lesion

552

Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis

1481

1484

Diffuse esophageal spasm

581

dysphagia in

564

581

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)

853

Diffuse parenchymal lung disease

275–280

275

See also specific disorder and Interstitial lung disease

Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO)

222–223

in interstitial (diffuse parenchymal) lung disease

222–223

275

in pneumocystis pneumonia

223

1323

1541

in primary pulmonary hypertension

411

ratio of to alveolar volume (DLCO/VA)

223

Diflorasone

87

Diflucan See Fluconazole

Diflunisal

75

Digestion

disorders of See Malabsorption

normal/phases of

600–601

Digibind See Digoxin-specific Fab antibody

DigiFab See Digoxin-specific Fab antibody

Digital clubbing

145

221–222

in bronchiectasis

244

in interstitial (diffuse parenchymal) lung disease

275

in lung cancer

267

Digital cyanosis, in acrocyanosis

466

Digital mammography

708

1655

Digital rectal examination See Rectal examination

Digitalis/digitalis glycosides See also Digoxin

adverse ocular effects of

178

antidepressant drug interactions and

1074

for cardiac failure

393

394

overdose/toxicity of

1611

1623–1624

hypokalemia and

873

Digitoxin, overdose/toxicity of

1624

Digoxin

393

See also Digitalis/digitalis glycosides

for arrhythmias

371

atrial fibrillation

375

in hyperthyroidism

1141

paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

373

benzodiazepine interactions and

1046

for cardiac failure

393

infarct-associated

363

monitoring concentrations of

1733

overdose/toxicity of

393

1615

1624

Digoxin-specific Fab antibody, for digitalis toxicity

393

1611

1624

Dihydrofolate reductase, sulfonamides affecting

1575

Dihydroindolones

1059

1059

1060

See also Antipsychotic drugs

Dihydrotachysterol, for hypoparathyroidism/tetany

1148

1149

Dihydrotestosterone

1170

benign prostatic hyperplasia and

955

in hirsutism/virilization

1170

prostate cancer and

966

1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol See Calcitriol

Diiodohydroxyquin See Iodoquinol

Dilacor See Diltiazem

Dilated cardiomyopathy See Cardiomyopathy

Dilation and curettage See D&C

Dilaudid See Hydromorphone

Diloxanide, for amebiasis

1470

1471

1472

Diltiazem See also Calcium channel blocking drugs

for arrhythmias

370

atrial fibrillation

376

for hypertension

435

436

overdose/toxicity of

1621

Dilutional acidosis

889

Dimercaprol (BAL)

for arsenic poisoning

1620

for lead poisoning

1627

for mercury poisoning

1627

Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) See Succimer

1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride See Metformin

Dimethyltryptamine

1087

Diovan See Valsartan

DIP See Desquamative interstitial pneumonia

Diphenhydramine

789

See also Antihistamines

overdose/toxicity of

1620

Diphenoxylate with atropine

551

See also Antidiarrheal agents

overdose/toxicity of

1620

Diphtheria

1413–1414

immunization against

1304

1305–1306

1307–1309

1414

myocarditis in

398–399

1413

neuropathy in

1026

1413

pharyngitis in

205

1413

Diphtheria antitoxin

1414

Diphtheria-tetanus toxoid See Tetanus-diphtheria toxoid

Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine (DTP/DTaP vaccine)

1304

1305–1306

1409

1410

1414

1420

Diphyllobothrium latum (fish tapeworm)

1508

1509

vitamin B12 deficiency and

487

1509

Dipiperazines

1059

1060

See also Antipsychotic drugs

Dipivefrin, for glaucoma/intraocular hypertension

161

173

Diplopia

151

152

in Graves' disease

1137

in ocular motor palsies

170

stroke causing

993

vertigo and

190

Diprolene See Betamethasone

Dipstick urinalysis

896

934–935

See also specific disorder

in dysuria evaluation

34

in hematuria evaluation

897

935

in proteinuria evaluation

897

934

Dipylidium caninum (dog tapeworm)

1508

1508–1509

1509

Dipyridamole See also Antiplatelet therapy for transient ischemic attacks, 990

Dipyridamole-thallium scintigraphy See Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy

Direct ophthalmoscopy See Ophthalmoscopy

Directed bleeding history, preoperative

35

36

43–44

Directly observed therapy (DOT), for tuberculosis

260

261

262

Dirofilaria immitis (dirofilariasis)

1522

Dirythromycin

1570

Disaccharidase deficiency See also Lactase deficiency

diarrhea and

549

Discoid lupus erythematosus

104–105

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)

831–832

Disease presentation, in elderly

49

Disease prevention See Health maintenance/disease prevention

Disequilibrium (imbalance)

falls/immobility in elderly and

60

61

in vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma)

193

DISH See Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis

Disipal See Orphenadrine

Disk disease

cervical

1030–1031

arthritic/degenerative

816

1031

chest pain in

344

herniation/protrusion

815–816

1030–1031

1032–1033

vertigo and

192

lumbar/sacral, herniation

817

818

818

819

thoracic, chest pain in

344

581

Disopyramide

369

overdose/toxicity of

369

1634

Disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia

1056–1057

Dissection See Aortic dissection; Carotid artery, dissection of

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

530–531

in cancer, encephalopathy caused by

1005

P.1785

in malaria (severe P falciparum infection)

1487

1497

in meningococcal meningitis

1421

Dissociated sensory loss

988

in spinal cord infarction

999

Dissociative disorder

1044

Dissociative identity disorder (multiple personality disorder)

1044

Distal muscular dystrophy

1036

Distal renal tubular acidosis

889

889

890

See also Renal tubular acidosis

genetic defects associated with

874

urinary stone formation and

889

944

Distributive shock

477–478

478

479–480

Disulfiram

for alcohol use/abuse

1085

antidepressant drug interactions and

1074

benzodiazepine interactions and

1046

Disulfiram-like reactions, Coprinus mushroom poisoning causing

1629

1630

1630

Diulo See Metolazone

Diuresis, forced, for poisoning/drug overdose

1613

Diuretics See also specific agent

abuse of in bulimia nervosa

1271

1272

for acute tubular necrosis

904

adverse ocular effects of

178

for cardiac failure

390–391

infarct-associated

362–363

in renal failure

390

391

910

for cirrhotic ascites

670

for hypercalciuria

945

for hyperkalemia

877

for hypernatremia

872

for hypertension

428

429–430

in blacks

440

in combination products

424

425

430

439

during pregnancy

416

779

regimen for use of

437–439

440

urgencies/emergencies

445

hyperuricemia and

812

for hyponatremia

870

hyponatremia caused by idiosyncratic reaction to

869

lipid abnormalities associated with use of

1244

lithium interactions and

1077

1077

for nephrotic syndrome

921

nutrients affected by

1260

potassium supplementation and

1279

for pulmonary edema

398

Divalproex See Valproic acid/valproate

Diverticula

colonic

631–633

esophageal

573

Zenker's

573

Diverticular bleeding

554

555

556

633

Diverticulitis

632–633

Diverticulosis

631–632

gastrointestinal bleeding in

554

555

556

633

infection and (diverticulitis)

632–633

Diving (underwater) See Scuba/deep sea diving

Dizziness See also Disequilibrium (imbalance); Vertigo; Vestibular disorders

falls/immobility in elderly and

60

61

in heart disease

313

DLCO (diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide)

222–223

in interstitial (diffuse parenchymal) lung disease

222–223

275

in pneumocystis pneumonia

223

1323

1541

in primary pulmonary hypertension

411

ratio of to alveolar volume (DLCO/VA)

223

DLE See Discoid lupus erythematosus

DMARDs See Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs

DML

90

DMPA See Medroxyprogesterone

DMSA See Succimer

DNA

double-stranded, antibodies to See Anti-double-stranded (anti-ds)-DNA

hepatitis B virus

653

654

659

native, antibodies to

836

DNA amplification tests, in tuberculosis

258

DNA analysis/DNA diagnosis (molecular genetics) See also Genetic testing

in cancer

1641

for colorectal cancer screening

642

DNA fingerprinting, in tuberculosis

257

258

DNA microarray studies, cancer development studied with

1641

DNA probes, for muscular dystrophy

1036

DNAR orders (“do not attempt resuscitation”)

70

71

Dobrava virus

1378

Dobutamine

for cardiac failure

394–395

infarct-associated

363

for shock

479

Dobutamine stress echocardiography

316–317

in cardiac failure

390

Docetaxel

723

1662–1665

1674

neuropathy caused by

1683–1684

with trastuzumab

1667

Doctor–patient relationship

chronic pain disorders and

1050

complementary/alternative medicine and

1709

compliance and

2

end-of-life care and

68

68

grieving after death and

85

irritable bowel disease management

616–617

psychiatric problems associated with hospitalization and medical/surgical disorders and

1096–1097

smoking cessation and

7

8

somatoform disorders and

1048–1049

weight reduction and

1268

Docusate sodium

543

543

Dofetilide

370

Dog bites

1296

See also Animal bites

rabies and

1297

1369

1370

Dog feces

cutaneous larva migrans transmitted by

1519

hydatid disease transmitted by

1513

1515

toxocariasis (visceral larva migrans) transmitted by

1534

Dog fleas See Fleas

Dog heartworm infection (dirofilariasis)

1522

Dog hookworm

cutaneous larva migrans caused by

1519

eosinophilic enteritis caused by

1526

Dog tapeworm (Dipylidium caninum)

1508

1508–1509

1509

Dog ticks See Ticks

Dolasetron

540

540

1682

See also Antiemetics

Doll's-head eye response, in coma or stupor

1018

Dolobid See Diflunisal

Dolophine See Methadone

Domestic violence

1081

1082

elder abuse and

17

51

54

54

1094

prevention of

16–17

Donation of organs

85

See also Transplantation

Donepezil, for dementia

57

1093

Donovan bodies, in granuloma inguinale

1433

Dopamine

in Huntington's disease

1011

for hypotension/shock

363

479

in parkinsonism

1007

prolactin secretion affected by

1113

Dopamine agonists

for acromegaly/gigantism

1111

for cocaine withdrawal

1089

for hyperprolactinemia

1114–1115

for neuroleptic malignant syndrome

1063

for parkinsonism

1009

Dopamine antagonists See also Antipsychotic drugs

for Huntington's disease

1011

for nausea and vomiting

540

540

for Tourette's syndrome

1014

Dopamine receptors, antipsychotic agents affecting

1060

1061

Doppler ultrasound

316

See also Echocardiography; Ultrasonography

in valvular heart disease

328

Doral See Quazepam

Dorsalis pedis pulse, in lower extremity occlusive disease

453

Dorzolamide, for glaucoma/intraocular hypertension

161

173

Dorzolamide/timolol, for glaucoma/intraocular hypertension

161

174

Dose-dense/dose-intense chemotherapy

1661

1662

See also Chemotherapy

DOT See Directly observed therapy

Double effect

69

Double-stranded DNA antibodies

799

836

in hyperthyroidism

1138

in lupus erythematosus

105

799

835

836

Double vision See Diplopia

Down's syndrome (trisomy 21)

1704–1705

prenatal screening for

765

1705

Doxazosin

for benign prostatic hyperplasia

958

959

for hypertension

437

438

Doxepin

1072

See also Antidepressants

breast feeding and

785

topical

89

Doxercalciferol, for hyperparathyroidism

1154

Doxil See Doxorubicin, liposomal

Doxorubicin

1675

for breast cancer

723

breast feeding and

786

liposomal

1666

1675

for Kaposi sarcoma

1328

secondary malignancies and

1644–1645

toxicity of

1675

1685

with trastuzumab

1667

Doxycycline

1571

for acne

116–117

for anthrax prophylaxis/treatment

1412–1413

1412

cost of

1562

for Lyme disease

1461

1461

for malaria chemoprophylaxis/treatment

1489

1490

1495

1496

1497

with atovaquone

1490

1496

1497

for pleurodesis

302

for pneumonia

252

for rosacea

118

for syphilis

1446

1448

therapy adjustments in renal or hepatic failure and

1558

for urinary tract infection

939

P.1786

for wolbachia eradication

in filariasis

1523

in onchocerciasis

1528

DPOA-HC See Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care

DPP (Diabetes Prevention Program)

1203

DPT-1 (Diabetes Prevention Trial-1)

1202

Dracunculus medinensis (dracunculiasis/dracunculosis/dracontiasis)

1520–1521

DRE (digital rectal examination) See Rectal examination

Dream sleep

1078

Dressler's syndrome (postmyocardial infarction/postcardiotomy pericarditis)

364

408

Drinking See Alcohol use/dependency/abuse

DRIs (dietary reference intakes)

1253

1254–1255

1256

1257

Driving (automobile), by patients with syncope/ventricular tachycardia/aborted sudden death

385

Dronabinol (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol), for nausea and vomiting

540

in AIDS wasting

1322

chemotherapy-induced

1682

Drooling, in esophageal foreign body

214

“Drop arm” signs

824

Drop attacks

epileptic (atonic seizures)

982

See also Seizures

transient ischemia and

989

Droperidol, torsade de pointes caused by

540

Drospirenone, in combination oral contraceptives

751

Drotrecogin alfa (recombinant protein C), for bacteremia/sepsis/shock

480

1424

Drowning

1601–1603

Drug abuse/drug addiction See Poisoning/drug overdose; Substance use disorders

Drug allergy

792–794

See also specific agent

dermatitis caused by

146–149

147–149

desensitization therapy for

794

1315–1316

testing for

793–794

1315–1316

in topical dermatologic therapy

91

Drug dependence

1082

See also specific drug and

Substance use disorders

in opioid therapy

73

1087

Drug eruptions

146–149

147–149

fixed

148

Drug-induced disorders/side effects

abnormal movements

1013

1063–1064

acute tubular necrosis

903

agranulocytosis

498–499

499

allergic reactions See Drug allergy

alopecia

145

148

asthma

227

298

cholelithiasis/gallstones

684

cognitive disorders

1091

constipation

542

cough

219

298

delirium

59

1091

depression

58

1067

dermatitis (dermatitis medicamentosa)

146–149

147–149

dyspepsia

536

in elderly

49

64–66

cognitive functioning and

56–57

59

depression and

58

falls and

61

iatrogenic drug reactions

64–66

renal function and

930

urinary incontinence and

62

eosinophilic pulmonary syndromes

280

erectile dysfunction/impotence

950

951

1101

1102

erythema multiforme

122

123

exfoliative dermatitis/erythroderma

106

147

fatty liver disease (hepatic steatosis)

666

fetotoxicity

764

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

492

gout

812

gynecomastia

1100

1101

1101

hallucinosis

1092

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

1144

hepatic failure

658

hepatitis

666

hirsutism

1171

hyperglycemia

1201

hyperkalemia

876

hyperpigmentation

143

148

1100

nail

145

149

1100

hypogonadism

1106

hyponatremia

869

infertility

952

954

interstitial lung disease

275

298

interstitial nephritis

905

lichenoid/lichen planus-like

131

148

liver disease

665–666

long QT syndrome

381

lung disease

298

298

lupus erythematosus

105

147

298

793

834

834

microscopic polyangiitis

849

myocarditis

400

nail hyperpigmentation

145

149

1100

nausea and vomiting

539

neuropathy, in HIV infection/AIDS

1325

neutropenia

498–499

499

nipple discharge

704

olfactory dysfunction

198

overdoses See Poisoning/drug overdose

parkinsonism

1007

1013

1064

pemphigus

126

photosensitivity/photodermatitis

140

147

pigmentary changes

143

148–149

porphyria

1703

1704

cutanea tarda

112

pseudotumor cerebri

1005–1006

psychotic behavior

1058

pulmonary disorders

298

298

pure red cell aplasia

489

rhabdomyolysis/myopathy/myositis

841

843

sick sinus syndrome

382

syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion

868

systemic absorption of topical medications and

91

177–178

teratogenicity

764

urticaria

121

122

148

weight gain

1099

1099

Drug monitoring (therapeutic) See also specific agent

Drug-nutrient interactions

1259

1260

Drug resistance

1551

See also specific agent

in anaerobic infections

1434

in antiretroviral therapy

1336

1339

1343

1343–1345

1344

1345

in chemotherapy

1660–1661

in chlamydial infections

1442

in enterococcal infections

1403

in gonococcal infection

1432

in HIV infection/AIDS

1334

1336

1339

1343

1343–1345

1344

1345

in leprosy

1440

1576

in malaria

1489

1490–1491

1491–1492

1496

1497

in meningococcal meningitis

1422

to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

1341

in nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease

264

nosocomial infections and

1292

pharyngitis treatment and

204–205

in pneumococcal infections

252

1404

1405

in staphylococcal infections

1328

1406

1407

1419

susceptibility testing and

1551

in HIV infection/AIDS

1344–1345

1344

1345

in tuberculosis

257

261

262

263

1323

Drug susceptibility testing

1551

See also Drug resistance

in HIV infection/AIDS

1344–1345

1344

1345

Drug tolerance

1082

See also Substance use disorders

in opioid therapy

73

74

Drusen

in age-related macular degeneration

164

optic disk

169

Dry drowning

1602

Dry eye (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)

156–157

in Sj gren's syndrome

842

Dry mouth See Xerostomia

Dry skin

atopic dermatitis and

95

emollients for

86–91

90

in HIV infection/AIDS

1328

Drying agents, for weepy dermatoses

91

DSHEA (Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act)

1710

DTaP/DTP vaccines

1304

1305–1306

1409

1414

Dual-chamber pacing

383–384

for cardiomyopathy

403

for sick sinus syndrome

382

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, in osteoporosis

1156

Dubin-Johnson syndrome (familial chronic idiopathic jaundice)

649

651

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

1035–1036

1036

cardiomyopathy in

413

genetic/prenatal screening for

1036

Duck embryo (DEV) rabies vaccine

1370

1371

Ductal carcinoma in situ

705

713

716

716

Paget's carcinoma and

713

Ductal lavage, in breast mass evaluation

713

Ductography, in breast cancer

713

Ductopenia, idiopathic adulthood

691

Ductoscopy

in breast cancer

713

in nipple discharge

704

713

Ductus arteriosus, patent

324–325

Duffy factor surface antigen, malaria and

1486

Duke criteria, for endocarditis

1416

Duke Treadmill Score

349

349

Dukes classification, for colorectal cancer

639

639

Duloxetine

1070

1071

1072

1223

Duncan's disease

1359

Dunnigan-Kobberling syndrome

1098

Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors

1178–1179

Duodenal string test, in strongyloidiasis

1530

Duodenal ulcers

586

587

See also Peptic ulcer disease

Duodenum See also Small intestine

disorders of

582–600

Duplex ultrasonography See Ultrasonography

P.1787

Dupuytren's contracture

822

in cirrhosis

669

Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care (DPOA-HC)

70

Duroziez's sign

335

Dust mites

atopic dermatitis (eczema) caused by

95

avoidance therapy for allergies caused by

788–789

DVT See Deep venous thrombosis

Dwarf tapeworm (Hymenolepis nana)

1508

1509

Dyazide See Triamterene, with hydrochlorothiazide

Dying patient, care of See End of life, provision of care during

Dymelor See Acetohexamide

DynaCirc See Isradipine

Dysarthria, in motor neuron disease

1022

Dysautonomia (autonomic dysfunction)

986–987

in Guillain-Barr syndrome

987

1027

Dysbaric illness

1603–1604

Dysbetalipoproteinemia

1241

Dysenteric colitis

1468

1470

1471

See also Dysentery

Dysentery

545

546

amebic

1468

1470

1471

colitis after (postdysenteric colitis)

1472

bacillary (shigellosis)

545

1299

1300

1303

1426–1427

in balantidiasis

1475

enteroinvasive E coli causing

1427

reactive arthritis/Reiter's syndrome and

854

trichuris

1533

Dysesthesias

988

Dysfibrinogenemia

532

hepatic coagulopathy and

529

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

728

729

1185

See also Vaginal bleeding, abnormal premenopausal

estrogen replacement therapy and

729

1187

Dysgerminoma, ovarian

745

1171

Dysgeusia

203–204

Dyshidrosis/dyshidrotic eczema (pompholyx/vesiculobullous hand eczema)

111–112

Dyskinesia

in Huntington's disease

1010–1011

levodopa-induced

1008

1009

tardive

1013

1064

Dyslipidemia See also Hyperlipidemia

in diabetes mellitus

1201

1243

1244

coenzyme Q10 for

1722

protease inhibitors causing

1340

Dysmenorrhea

731

in endometriosis

740

IUD use and

755

Dysmotility See Motility disorders

Dysnomia, intracranial mass lesions causing

1001

Dysorgasmia See Orgasm, loss of

Dyspareunia (painful intercourse)

747–748

Bartholin's duct cyst/abscess causing

733

endometriosis and

740

747

748

vaginal atrophy/dryness causing

748

Dyspepsia

536–538

See also Abdominal pain/tenderness

differential diagnosis of

588

functional (nonulcer)

536

537–538

in gastric cancer

536

597

in peptic ulcer disease

536

587

Dysphagia

564

564

in achalasia

564

579

in Barrett's esophagus

567

in esophageal cancer

564

577

578

in esophageal stricture

564

567

in esophageal webs and rings

572

in gastroesophageal reflux disease

566

in infectious esophagitis

570

in motility disorders

564

564

580

581

in pill-induced esophagitis

571

in polymyositis/dermatomyositis

840

in scleroderma

564

838

839

in Zenker's diverticulum

573

Dysphasia, in stroke

991

Dysphonia

209

Dysphoric disorder, premenstrual

1066

1103

Dysplastic (atypical) nevus/mole

93

Dyspnea

22–24

23

218–219

in ARDS

309

in cardiac failure

23–24

312–313

388

in cardiomyopathy

403

in COPD

23

23

218

238

cough and

20–21

21

in heart disease

23–24

312–313

in interstitial (diffuse parenchymal) lung disease

275

in malignant pleural effusion

302

nocturnal

218

in heart disease

313

in pneumothorax

303

in pulmonary embolism

23

281

282

in terminally ill/dying patient

80

219

Dysrhythmias See Arrhythmias

Dyssomnias

1079–1080

See also Insomnia

Dysthymia

1066

1068

See also Depression

Dysthyroid eye disease (Graves' ophthalmopathy)

170

1135

1137

1140

1141

Dystonia

drug-induced

1013

1064

1633

oromandibular

1012

torsion

focal

1012

idiopathic

1011–1012

Dystrophin, in muscular dystrophy

1036

Dysuria (painful voiding)

33–34

932

See also Irritative voiding symptoms

DYT1 gene, in idiopathic torsion dystonia

1011

DYT6/DYT7 genes, in focal torsion dystonia

1012

Related

Категории