Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment, 2006 (Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment)

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Tierney, Lawrence M., McPhee, Stephen J., Papadakis, Maxine A.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment, 45th Edition

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I

IA-2/IA2-b antibodies, in type 1 diabetes

1195

1196

IAA See Insulin, antibodies to

IABC See Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation

IADL See Instrumental activities of daily living

Iatrogenic drug reactions, in elderly

64–66

Ibandronate, for osteoporosis

1157

Ibotenic acid, anticholinergic-type mushroom poisoning and

1630

Ibritumomab tiuxetan

1660

1668

1676

Ibuprofen

75

lithium interactions and

1077

Ibutilide

370

for atrial flutter

378

for cardioversion of atrial fibrillation

377

IC (inspiratory capacity)

223

ICD See Implantable cardioverter defibrillator

“Ice”

1089

Ice water bath, for heat stroke

1594

ICF See Intracellular fluid

ICSI See Intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Icteric leptospirosis (Weil's syndrome)

1456

Icterus See Jaundice

Idarubicin

1675

toxicity of

1675

1685

Idiogenic osmoles, hypernatremia treatment and

871

Idiopathic adulthood ductopenia

691

Idiopathic arteritis of Takayasu (pulseless disease)

414

463–464

Idiopathic brachial plexus neuropathy (neuralgic amyotrophy)

1031

Idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP/cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis/COP)

246–247

276–278

278

Idiopathic cholestasis/jaundice of pregnancy

651

782–783

Idiopathic epilepsy

980

Idiopathic fibrosing interstitial pneumonia

276–278

277–278

Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS)

402

Idiopathic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

924–925

See also Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Idiopathic midline destructive disease

201

Idiopathic polyneuropathy, acute See Guillain-Barr syndrome

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis See Idiopathic fibrosing interstitial pneumonia

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis

293

Idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, diffuse (DISH)

853

Idiopathic (autoimmune) thrombocytopenic purpura

518–520

519

See also Thrombocytopenia

Idiopathic torsion dystonia

1011–1012

Idiosyncratic drug reactions

hyponatremia caused by

869

liver disease caused by

666

Idioventricular rhythm, accelerated

381

in myocardial infarction

362

Idoxuridine

1352

IFA See Immunofluorescence assay

Ifosfamide, hemorrhagic cystitis caused by

1683

mesna for amelioration of

1677

1683

IgA

in celiac disease/dermatitis herpetiformis

113

602

in common variable immunodeficiency

796

laboratory reference range for

1739

in myeloma

515

selective deficiency of

795–796

serum levels of, in IgA nephropathy

917

in toxoplasmosis

1499

IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease)

915–917

916

917

IgE

in anaphylaxis/urticaria/angioedema

121

791–792

in trichinosis

1532

IGF-1 See Insulin-like growth factor-1

IGF-2 See Insulin-like growth factor-2

IgG

in autoimmune hemolytic anemia

495

in bullous pemphigoid

127

P.1814

in celiac disease

602

in Chagas' disease

1466

in common variable immunodeficiency

796

deficiency of, with IgA deficiency

795

in epidemic louse-borne typhus

1393

in hepatitis A

653

653

in hepatitis B

653

654

654

in herpes (pemphigoid) gestationis

127

in IgA nephropathy

917

in immune complex disease

794

intravenous See Intravenous immune globulin

laboratory reference range for

1739

in leishmaniasis

1483

1485

in Lyme disease

1459

in mononucleosis

1359

in multiple sclerosis

1015

in myeloma

515

in pemphigus

126

platelet-associated

526

laboratory reference range for

1741

in Q fever endocarditis

1398

in rheumatoid arthritis

828

in toxoplasmosis

1499

1500

1501

in trichinosis

1532

IgG index, laboratory reference range for

1739

IGIV See Intravenous immune globulin

IgM

in African trypanosomiasis

1464

in arbovirus encephalitis

1372

in Chagas' disease

1466

in cold agglutinin disease

496

in common variable immunodeficiency

796

in epidemic louse-borne typhus

1393

in hepatitis A

652

653

in hepatitis B

653

654

654

659

laboratory reference range for

1739

in leishmaniasis

1483

1485

in Lyme disease

1459

in mononucleosis

1359

in paragonimiasis

1507

in rheumatoid arthritis

828

in rubella

1368

in toxoplasmosis

1499

1500

1501

in trichinosis

1532

in Waldenstr m's macroglobulinemia

517

518

in West Nile fever

1372

IHSS See Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis

IL See under Interleukin

Ileocolitis, eosinophilic, angiostrongylus causing

1517

Iletin insulin

1212

1213

See also Insulin therapy

Ileum See also Small intestine

carcinoid tumor arising in

611

resection of

short bowel syndrome and

605–606

vitamin B12 deficiency and

487

605

606

Ileus

gallstone

685

in pancreatitis

695

paralytic (adynamic)

607–608

vincristine-induced

1684

Iliac arteries, atherosclerotic (occlusive) disease of

453

Iliofemoral venous thrombosis

471

Iliotibial band syndrome

825

Illicit drug use See Substance use disorders

Illiteracy (functional health), noncompliance and

1

Illness behaviors, abnormal

1047–1049

Illusions

in schizophrenia/psychotic disorders

1058

temporal lobe lesions causing

1001

Iloprost, for pulmonary hypertension

411

Imagery, emotive, for anxiety disorders

1047

Imatinib mesylate (STI571)

1669

1676

for chronic myelogenous leukemia

504

505

1669

for gastrointestinal stromal tumors

1669

Imbalance See Disequilibrium; Falls; Vertigo; Vestibular disorders

IMC-C225 See Cetuximab

Imidazoles

1584–1585

topical

89

ImiDs, in cancer chemotherapy

1668

Imiglucerase, for Gaucher's disease

1706

Imipenem

1568–1569

for anaerobic intra-abdominal infections

1435

for anthrax prophylaxis/treatment

1412

cost of

1561

therapy adjustments in renal or hepatic failure and

1558

Imipramine

1071

1072

See also Antidepressants

for migraine prophylaxis

976

monitoring concentrations of

1071

1734

Imiquimod, for genital warts

128

646

Immediate hypersensitivity reaction See Hypersensitivity reactions

Immersion syndrome

1592

Immobility

decubitus ulcers (pressure sores) and

60

140–141

in elderly

59–60

pulmonary embolism and

60

281

rhabdomyolysis and

843

urinary incontinence and

62

Immune alveolar hemorrhage

293

Immune complex disease

794–795

798

glomerulonephritis and

905

membranous nephropathy and

921

Immune globulin See specific type and Intravenous immune globulin

Immune insulin resistance

1221

Immune reconstitution syndromes (“IRIS”)

1329

Immune restitution disease

1357

Immunity/immune response

cancer etiology and

1644

cell-mediated (cellular), tests for, in nutritional assessment

1263

disorders of See Autoimmunity; Immunocompromised host; Immunodeficiency

HIV/antiretroviral therapy affecting See also HIV infection/AIDS

Immunizations (vaccines)

3–4

1301–1315

See also specific type

cancer therapy and

1700

recommended types/schedules for

for adults

3–4

3

1304–1313

1307–1309

for elderly

55

in HIV infection/AIDS/immunocompromised patients

4

1308

for infants/children/adolescents

1301–1304

1305–1306

during pregnancy

767

for travelers

1313–1315

Immunoblot assay/test

in cystic hydatid disease

1514

in hepatitis C

655

Immunocompromised host See also HIV infection/AIDS; Immunodeficiency

bronchiectasis in

243

Chagas' disease reactivation and

1466

coccidial and microsporidial infection in

1475–1478

cytomegalovirus infection in

1360

decubitus ulcers in

141

diarrhea in

1475–1478

external otitis/osteomyelitis of skull base and

182–183

fever/FUO and

499

1286

fever in

1287

herpes zoster in

110

herpetic stomatitis in

204

histoplasmosis in

1538

immunizations in

4

influenza virus vaccine

1310

1384

infections in

1288–1291

See also Opportunistic infections

cancer patients and

1289

1694–1695

molds causing

1547–1550

leishmaniasis in

1481

neurologic complications of cancer and

1004

nocardiosis in

1436

pulmonary infiltrates/pneumonia in

256

scabies in

134

135

squamous cell carcinoma and

131

tuberculosis in

257

Immunodeficiency

795–798

795

See also Immunocompromised host

cancer etiology and

1644

common variable

796

HIV See HIV infection/AIDS

infections associated with

1288–1291

1694–1695

See also Opportunistic infections

selective IgA

795–796

Immunofixation electrophoresis, in myeloma

516

Immunofluorescence assay, in Lyme disease

1459

Immunofluorescence microscopy

800

in syphilis diagnosis

1445–1446

in viral infections

1349

Immunogenetics

800–806

801

Immunoglobulins See also specific type under Ig and Antibodies

in colostrum/breast milk

784

laboratory reference ranges for

1739

overproduction of

796–798

See also specific disorder and Gammopathy

Immunomodulating therapy

805–806

See also Immunotherapy

in cancer

1699–1700

for Crohn's disease

622

625–626

for psoriasis

99

Immunopathologic hypoglycemia

1234

1234

1239

Immunosuppressive therapy

803–805

See also Immunocompromised host; Immunomodulating therapy

for aplastic anemia

498

for autoimmune hemolytic anemia

496

breast feeding and

786

in diabetes mellitus

1195

1202

fever/FUO and

1287

for Goodpasture's syndrome

293

hyperkalemia caused by

876

for idiopathic (autoimmune) thrombocytopenic purpura

520

infections and

1289

1290

Kaposi sarcoma complicating

132

for multiple sclerosis

1015

for myasthenia gravis

1034

P.1815

for myasthenic (Lambert-Eaton) syndrome

1035

for polyarteritis nodosa

845

for pure red cell aplasia

489

for systemic lupus erythematosus

836

after transplant

803–805

for ulcerative colitis

630

Immunotherapy See also Immunomodulating therapy

for allergies

789

790–791

for asthma

234

790–791

in cancer treatment

1699–1700

melanoma vaccines and

1700

in diabetes mellitus

1202

venom

792

in wart removal

129

Impedance plethysmography, in venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism

283

Imperforate hymen, amenorrhea caused by

1183

Impetigo

113

1401

1556

allergic contact dermatitis differentiated from

113

114

antibiotics for

89

113

1401

1556

in HIV infection/AIDS

1327

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator

for cardiac failure

395

for cardiomyopathy

403

postinfarction

365

for ventricular fibrillation/sudden death

381

for ventricular tachycardia

380

Impotence See Erectile dysfunction/impotence

Impulse conduction, disturbances of See Conduction disturbances

Impulse control disorders

aggressive/violent behavior and

1081

in dementia

1092

in personality changes due to general medical condition (organic personality syndrome)

1092

IMRT See Intensity modulated radiation therapy

In vitro fertilization

750

Inactivated enhanced-potency poliovaccine (IPV/Salk vaccine)

1305–1306

1314

1367

Inactivity, physical, prevention of

12–13

Incentive spirometry, prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications and

42

Incest

1052

Inclusion body encephalitis, measles vaccination and

1363

Inclusion body myositis

841

1037

Inclusion conjunctivitis

156

Inclusion cysts, epidermal (EIC)

139

furuncles differentiated from

138

Inclusion disease, cytomegalovirus, in newborn

1360

Incompetent cervix

768

cerclage/activity restriction for

769

Incomplete abortion

768

769

Incontinence See Fecal incontinence; Urinary incontinence

Incretins, for diabetes mellitus

1212

Indanedione rodenticides (superwarfarins), poisoning caused by

1618–1619

Indapamide

429

Inderal See Propranolol

Indian tick typhus

1392

Indigestion See Dyspepsia

Indinavir

1337

1340–1341

1343

See also Antiretroviral therapy

resistance to

1345

Indocin See Indomethacin

Indometh See Indomethacin

Indomethacin

75

adverse ocular effects of

179

for ankylosing spondylitis

853

for gout

812

lithium interactions and

1077

in pain management

75

for patent ductus arteriosus

324

Industrial bronchitis

297

Inevitable abortion

768

Infant See Newborn

Infant botulism

1410

Infarcts See specific type

Infection/infectious diseases

1286–1316

See also specific type or organ system affected

in acute leukemia

508

arthritis and

855–858

bacterial

1400–1440

after bite wounds

1296

burn injury and

1597–1598

in cancer etiology

1644

in cancer patients

1289

1694–1695

See also Immunocompromised host; Opportunistic infections

central vein catheters and

1284

chlamydial

1440–1442

cognitive disorders/delirium caused by

1091

in drug users

1298–1299

HIV infection/AIDS

1298

1319

1331

postexposure prophylaxis and

1333

fever/FUO and

27

1286–1288

after frostbite, prevention of

1592

gastritis caused by

585

headache and

32

helminthic

1501–1535

immunization against

3–4

3

1301–1315

1305–1306

1307–1309

in elderly

55

in immunocompromised host

1288–1291

1694–1695

See also HIV infection/AIDS; Opportunistic infections

mycotic

1536–1550

of bones and joints

859–860

superficial

100–104

neuropathies associated with

1025–1026

neutropenia and

498

499

1555

nosocomial

1291–1293

opportunistic See Opportunistic infections

prevention of

3–4

3

1301–1315

1305–1306

1307–1309

in cancer patient/immunocompromised host

1331–1333

1332

1346–1347

1346

1694

See also HIV infection/AIDS

protozoal

1463–1501

reactive arthritis/Reiter's syndrome and

854

rickettsial

1355–1356

1391–1398

1392

seizures and

980

shock associated with See Sepsis/septic shock

spirochetal

1443–1462

spondyloarthropathies and

852

surgical site, antibiotic prophylaxis for

46–48

47

viral

1349–1391

Infection control

handwashing and

1291

1292

nosocomial infection prevention and

1292

Infectious mononucleosis See Mononucleosis

Infective endocarditis See Endocarditis, infective

Inferior vena cava filters/interruption, for pulmonary embolism

289

Infertility

748–750

952

female

748–750

endometriosis and

740

hormone therapy for

749

1107

in persistent anovulation (polycystic ovary syndrome)

746

747

male

748

952–954

953

cryptorchism and

1102

hormone therapy for

1107

in Klinefelter's syndrome

1180

1707

radiation causing

1600

Inflammation See also specific type and structures or systems affected

in burn patient

1596

coronary heart disease and

340

in HIV infection/AIDS

1329

neuropathies associated with

1025–1026

Inflammatory bowel disease

620–631

See also Crohn's disease; Ulcerative colitis

amebiasis differentiated from

1470

arthritis and

855

HLA in

851

855

colorectal cancer and

624

630

638

diarrhea in

549

drug therapy for

620–622

gastrointestinal bleeding and

555

primary sclerosing cholangitis and

691

social support for patient with

622

Inflammatory breast carcinoma

715

during lactation

782

Inflammatory eye disease

150

151

153

See also Conjunctivitis; Uveitis

drugs for management of

174–175

Inflammatory pericarditis

407–409

See also specific cause and Pericarditis

Inflammatory skin nodules

137–139

See also specific type

Infliximab

805

See also Anti-TNF agents

for ankylosing spondylitis

853

for Crohn's disease

622

624

626

for psoriasis

99

for rheumatoid arthritis

831

for ulcerative colitis

630

Influenza

1382–1384

amantadine/rimantadine for treatment/prevention of

1352

1353

1384

1586

neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir/zanamivir) for prevention/treatment of

1353

1384

1586

prevention of See Influenza virus vaccine

Influenza virus vaccine

3

1305–1306

1306–1310

1307–1309

1383–1384

for elderly

55

1306

1310

1383

in HIV infection/AIDS

4

1308

1310

1384

pneumonia prevention and

253

during pregnancy

767

1308

Infratentorial arteriovenous malformations

998

Infusion pumps

enteral nutritional support

1283

insulin

1216

1218

during pregnancy

777

Ingrown hairs, pseudofolliculitis caused by

119

Ingrown nails

145

INH See Isoniazid

Inhalation injury/smoke inhalation

293–294

1596

1617

Inhalational anthrax

1411

1411–1412

1413

Inhalers

for insulin administration

1216

metered-dose

for asthma therapy

231

234

237

for COPD therapy

241

Injection drug use See also Substance use disorders

endocarditis and

1298

1415

1419

1555

P.1816

hematogenous osteomyelitis and

858

1298

infections and

1298–1299

HIV infection/AIDS

1298

1319

1331

postexposure prophylaxis and

1333

Injury See Trauma

Inner ear disorders

187–193

See also specific type

Innocent murmurs

315

See also Heart murmurs

Innohep See Tinzaparin

Inocybe (muscarinic) mushroom poisoning

1629

1630

1630

Inotropic agents, positive See also Digitalis/digitalis glycosides

for cardiac failure

394–395

Insect bites/stings

136–137

See also specific type of insect

anaphylaxis caused by

791

venom immunotherapy and

792

scorpion stings

1636

spider bites

136

1636

urticaria caused by

122

123

136

Insecticide poisoning

chlorinated agents

1622

cholinesterase inhibitors (anticholinesterases)

1631–1632

paraquat

1631

Insemination

artificial, in azoospermia

750

intrauterine, for infertility caused by inadequate transport of sperm

750

Insight, assessment of in mental status exam

1038

Insomnia

1079–1080

drug therapy for

1045

1079–1080

fatal familial

1375

MAOI-induced

1073

Inspiratory capacity (IC)

223

Inspiratory/expiratory time ratio

221

Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

223

Inspra See Eplerenone

Instability See Falls; Gait/gait disorders; Genetic instability

Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), assessment of ability to perform, in elderly

50–52

51

Insulin See also Insulin therapy

antibodies to

in factitious hypoglycemia

1238–1239

in immunopathologic hypoglycemia

1234

1234

1239

insulin therapy causing

1220–1221

in type 1 diabetes

1195

1196

antidepressant drug interactions and

1074

B cell tumors/insulinomas secreting

1178

1179

1191

1234–1237

B cells secreting

1178

blood levels of

in insulinoma diagnosis

1235

prebreakfast hyperglycemia and

1219

1219

drugs affecting action of

1208

1209–1211

drugs affecting secretion of

1206–1209

1207

exogenous, in factitious hypoglycemia

1238

insensitivity to See Insulin resistance/insulin insensitivity

laboratory reference range for

1739

mutant, diabetes caused by

1197

obesity affecting response to

1098

1099

1196

receptors for See Insulin receptors

renal failure affecting clearance of

911

resistance to See Insulin resistance/insulin insensitivity

Insulin aspart

1212

1213–1214

1213

1218

See also Insulin therapy

in mixtures/combination therapy

1213

1215

1218

Insulin glargine

1212

1214

1215

1218

1219

See also Insulin therapy

Insulin glulisine

1212

1213–1214

1213

1218

Insulin hypoglycemia test, in growth hormone deficiency

1105

Insulin infusion pumps

1216

1218

during pregnancy

777

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)

in growth hormone deficiency

1105

in growth hormone excess (acromegaly and gigantism)

1110

1111

laboratory reference range for

1739

Insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2), hypoglycemia due to extrapancreatic tumors and

1237

Insulin lispro

1212

1213–1214

1213

1218

See also Insulin therapy

in mixtures/combination therapy

1213

1215

1218

Insulin receptors

antibodies to, in immunopathologic hypoglycemia

1234

1234

1239

mutant, diabetes caused by

1197

Insulin resistance/insulin insensitivity

acanthosis nigricans and

1100

1201

in Cushing's syndrome

1168

dawn phenomenon and

1219

1219

in diabetes

1196–1197

1197–1198

1217

genetic See Insulin resistance syndrome

hepatitis C and

655

immune

1221

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and

667

668

in polycystic ovary syndrome

746–747

in pregnancy

776

in renal failure

911

Insulin resistance syndrome (metabolic syndrome/syndrome X/CHAOS)

343

1197–1198

1252

1267

1268

coronary heart disease and

339

347

hypertension and

422

obesity and

1098

1099

1267

1268

Insulin syringes and needles

1215–1216

Insulin therapy

1212–1216

1213

1214

1218

1218–1219

1219

administration methods/regimens for

1215–1216

allergy to

1220–1221

complications of

1220–1221

concentrations of insulin and

1212

continuous subcutaneous infusion (CSII)

1216

1218

for diabetic ketoacidosis

1229–1230

for hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state

1232

for hyperkalemia

876

877

hypoglycemic reactions and

1202

1204

1220

inhalation for administration of

1216

intensive

1218–1219

1219

clinical studies of long-term complications and

1202

1203

1203–1205

diabetic nephropathy development/progression and

923

1202

1204

1222

diabetic retinopathy development/progression and

167

1202

1204

hypoglycemia and

1202

1204

1220

during pregnancy

777

in type 2 diabetics

1203

intraoperative requirements/administration of

45–46

45

1226

lipodystrophy/lipohypertrophy and

1221

mixtures for

1213

1215

monoamine oxidase inhibitor interactions and

1074

during pregnancy

776

777

preparation types available

1212–1215

1213

1214

in prevention/delay of diabetes

1202

purified insulin and

1212

1213

self-monitoring of blood glucose and

1200

species of insulin and

1212

surgery and

45–46

45

1226

for type 1 diabetics

1212–1216

1213

1214

1218–1219

1219

for type 2 diabetics

1203

1218

Insulinomas

1178

1179

1191

1234–1237

1234

See also Islet cell tumors

obesity and

1099

Intal See Cromolyn

INTCS See Intrastromal corneal ring segments

Integrilin See Eptifibatide

Intelligence tests

1040

Intensity modulated radiation therapy

1659

Intensive care unit psychosis

1095

Intercostal neuritis

344

Intercourse, sexual See Sexual intercourse

Interdigital (toe web) tinea pedis, cellulitis and

103

125

Interferon-a/interferon alfa

805

1352

for cancer chemotherapy

1669

1674

1685–1686

for hepatitis B

660

1352

1588

for hepatitis C

657

661–662

1352

1588

cancer prevention and

1649

renal disease and

924

for hepatitis D

662

1588

immunomodulating action of

805

for melanoma

1669

for myeloma

1669

pegylated (peginterferon), for hepatitis C

661–662

1588

for renal cell carcinoma

1669

for SARS

1386

thyroid dysfunction caused by

1131

toxicity of

1674

1685–1686

Interferon-γ, in burn injury

1596

Interferons, antiviral activity of

1588

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist

805

832

for rheumatoid arthritis

805

832

Interleukin-2 (IL-2)

in burn injury

1596

for cancer chemotherapy

1674

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) activated killer cells, cellular adoptive therapy with

805

Interleukin-2 receptor

denileukin diftitox affecting cells expressing, in cancer chemotherapy

1668

humanized antibody to

804

Interleukin-4 (IL-4), in burn injury

1596

Interleukin-6 (IL-6)

in amiodarone-induced hyperthyroidism

1136

in burn injury

1596

in polymyalgia rheumatica/giant cell arteritis

847

Interleukin-8 (IL-8), in familial Mediterranean fever

563

Interleukin-10 (IL-10), in burn injury

1596

Interleukin-11 (neumega/IL-11)

for chemotherapy-induced toxicity

1678

recombinant (oprelvekin), for chemotherapy-induced toxicity

1671

1681

P.1817

Intermediate-acting insulin

1212

1213

1214

See also Insulin therapy

Intermediate uveitis (pars planitis)

162

See also Uveitis

Intermittency, urinary

932

Intermittent claudication See Claudication

Intermittent negative-pressure (cuirass) ventilation, for COPD

242

Intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB), prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications and

42

Internal hordeolum

154

International Prognostic Index

513–514

Interosseous nerve, anterior, lesion of

1028

Interpersonal relationships, social issues for terminally ill/dying patient and

83

83

Interstitial cystitis

949–950

Interstitial lung disease

275–280

275

See also specific disorder

acute pneumonitis (AIP)

277

cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis (COP/bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia/BOOP)

246–247

276–278

278

desquamative pneumonia (DIP)

276–278

drug-related

275

298

eosinophilic

280

idiopathic fibrosing pneumonia

276–278

277–278

nonspecific pneumonia/pneumonitis (NSIP)

276–278

277

in HIV infection/AIDS

1323

pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

279–280

respiratory bronchiolitis-associated (RB-ILD)

276–278

277

sarcoidosis

278–279

usual pneumonia/pneumonitis (UIP)

276–278

277

Interstitial nephritis

901

905

Intertriginous area

miliaria affecting

120

seborrhea of

100

Intertrigo

108

tinea differentiated from

102

Interventricular septum

hypertrophy of, in cardiomyopathy

402

403

rupture of, in myocardial infarction

364

Intervertebral disks

cervical

arthritic/degenerative disorders of

816

1031

herniation/protrusion of

815–816

1030–1031

1032–1033

lumbar/sacral, herniation of

817

818

818

819

Interview, psychiatric

1038

Intestinal amebiasis

545

546

549

550

Intestinal anisakiasis

1516

Intestinal ascariasis

1518

Intestinal bacterial overgrowth

604–605

irritable bowel syndrome and

616

vitamin B12 deficiency and

487

605

Intestinal fluke, large, fasciolopsiasis caused by

1504–1505

Intestinal ischemia

459

Intestinal motility disorders See Motility disorders

Intestinal obstruction See also Motility disorders

in acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome)

608–609

in chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction

609–610

in Crohn's disease

623

fecal impaction and

544

in gastroparesis

609–610

vomiting and

539

Intestinal polyps

610

633

Intestinal strongyloidiasis

1530

Intestinal trichinosis

1532

1533

Intestinal tuberculosis

614

Intoxication See also specific substance causing

acute alcohol

1083–1084

osmolar gap and

872

1614

1614

cognitive disorders/delirium caused by

1091

Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC), for acute coronary syndromes

354

Intra-arterial embolization See Embolization

Intracellular fluid (ICF)

865

Intracerebral hemorrhage

992

994–995

See also Stroke

arteriovenous malformations causing

997

in head injury

1020

headache in

32

978

995

hypertension and

425

994

oral contraceptives and

753

thrombolytic therapy for myocardial infarction and

358

Intracoronary stents See Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)/stenting; Stents/stent grafts (“covered stents”), intracoronary

Intracranial aneurysm

992

996–997

See also Stroke

in polycystic kidney disease

928

Intracranial bleeding See Intracerebral hemorrhage; Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Intracranial hypertension

benign (pseudotumor cerebri)

1005–1006

lithium use and

1076

brain abscess/infection causing

1004

1295

cerebral injury and

1019–1020

headache and

32

in neurocysticercosis

1510

1511

1512

optic disk swelling and (papilledema)

169

sixth nerve paralysis and

170

space-occupying tumors causing

999–1001

1002

vomiting caused by

539

relief of in terminally ill/dying patient

81

Intracranial mass lesions

999–1003

1000

abscess causing

1003–1004

coma or stupor caused by

1018

false localizing signs and

1001

headache caused by

32

974

977–978

cough headache and

974

977

in HIV infection/AIDS

1003

toxoplasmosis

1003

1324

1335

1499

metastatic

1002

ocular motor palsy caused by

170

primary

999–1002

1000

seizures caused by

980

sixth nerve palsy caused by

170

Intracranial venous thrombosis

998

See also Stroke

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection

750

Intraepidermal squamous cell carcinoma (Bowen's disease)

107

Intrahepatic portosystemic shunts See Transvenous (transjugular) intrahepatic portosystemic shunts

Intralipid See Intravenous fat

Intraocular foreign body

171

Intraocular hypertension See also Glaucoma

in acute angle closure glaucoma

159

in chronic glaucoma

160

160–161

drug therapy for

161

173–174

in elderly

65

Intraocular inflammation

162

See also Uveitis

drugs for management of

174–175

Intraocular pressure, elevated See Intraocular hypertension

Intrastromal corneal ring segments (INTCS)

153

Intraurethral stents, for benign prostatic hyperplasia

961

Intrauterine devices (IUDs)

755–756

755

abnormal premenstrual bleeding and

729

for emergency/postcoital contraception

755

757

pelvic inflammatory disease and

742

755

progesterone-releasing

1187

Intrauterine insemination, for infertility caused by inadequate transport of sperm

750

Intravascular ultrasound, in angina

347

Intravenous catheters See Intravenous lines

Intravenous drug use See Injection drug use

Intravenous fat, in nutritional support

1282

1284

Intravenous gamma globulin See Intravenous immune globulin

Intravenous immune globulin

805–806

for common variable immunodeficiency

796

for idiopathic (autoimmune) thrombocytopenic purpura

519

Intravenous lines See also Catheters

in burn care

1596

nosocomial infection and

1292

for parenteral nutritional support

1281

complications associated with

1284

Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)

899

Intraventricular conduction defects

383

Intravesical chemotherapy, for bladder cancer

968

Intrinsic factor

487

Intrinsic renal failure

901

902

See also specific cause

Intubation See also Airway management; Mechanical ventilation

in asthma

237

for burn injuries

1596

conversion to tracheotomy and

213

hospital-acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia and

253

in hypothermia

1590

for near drowning victim

1602

for respiratory failure

308

for smoke inhalation

293–294

1596

Intubation granulomas

210

Inulin clearance, glomerular filtration rate measurement and

898

Invalidism, chronic pain disorders and

1050

Invasive fibrous (Riedel's) thyroiditis

1145

1146

Invasive mole

773

See also Gestational trophoblastic disease

hyperthyroidism in

774

1136

Inverse pityriasis rosea

99

Inverse psoriasis, tinea infections differentiated from

102

Inverted papilloma

200

Invirase See Saquinavir

Involutional melancholia (postmenopausal depression)

760

1187

Iodide, breast feeding and

786

Iodinated contrast agents, for Graves' disease/hyperthyroidism

1139

Iodine

in amiodarone

hyperthyroidism and

1136

hypothyroidism and

1131

1133

1136

P.1818

breast feeding and

786

deficiency of, goiter caused by

1130

dietary reference intakes (DRIs) for

1256

hyperthyroidism caused by (jodbasedow disease)

1135

radioactive See Radioactive iodine; Radioiodine thyroid scans and uptake

supplementary, in goiter prevention/treatment

1130–1131

1131

Iodized salt, goiter prevention/treatment and

1131

Iodobenzylguanidine (IGG) scanning, in pheochromocytoma diagnosis

1176

Iodochlorhydroxyquin, adverse ocular effects of

179

Iodoquinol

adverse effects of

1472

for amebiasis

1470

1471

1472

Ionizing radiation reactions See also under Radiation

Iontophoresis sweat test, in cystic fibrosis

244

Iopanoic acid, for Graves' disease/hyperthyroidism

1139

Iopidine See Apraclonidine

Iothalamate scanning, radionuclide, in renal function evaluation

899

Ipecac syrup, for poisoning/drug overdose

1611

Ipodate sodium, for Graves' disease/hyperthyroidism

1139

IPPB See Intermittent positive-pressure breathing

Ipratropium

790

for asthma

234–236

235

for COPD

241

242

IPV (inactivated poliovaccine/salk vaccine)

1305–1306

1314

1367

IQ tests

1040

Irbesartan

433

434

with hydrochlorothiazide

434

Iressa See Gefitinib

Iridodialysis

171

Irinotecan

1666

1675

St. John's wort interactions and

1714

UGT1A1 gene polymorphisms affecting response to

1642

Iris, prostaglandin analogs affecting color of

161

“IRIS” (immune reconstitution syndromes)

1329

Iris nodules, in uveitis

162

Iritis

162

See also Uveitis

Iron

accumulation of

in hemochromatosis

676

677

in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

667

in sideroblastic anemia

486

from transfusions (hemosiderosis), in thalassemia

485

486

deficiency of/iron deficiency anemia

481–483

482

in chronic renal failure

910

in cirrhosis

672

esophageal webs and (Plummer-Vinson syndrome)

482

572

gastrointestinal bleeding and

482

557

in Goodpasture's syndrome

293

in hookworm disease

1525

in idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis

293

malabsorption and

600

in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

482

491

in polycythemia

501

during pregnancy

481–482

766

775

dietary

481

requirements for

dietary reference intakes (DRIs) for

1256

in nutritional support

1282

overdose/toxicity of

1611

1615

1625–1626

See also Hemosiderosis

proton pump inhibitors affecting

588

serum levels of

in anemia of chronic disease

484

in iron deficiency anemia

482

laboratory reference range (normal values) for

1739

in overdose

1625

storage

481

in iron deficiency anemia

482

in polycythemia

501

supplementary

for hookworm disease

1525–1526

for iron deficiency anemia

483

for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

491

in pregnancy

482

766

775

total body

481

Iron-binding capacity, total (TIBC)

in iron deficiency anemia

482

laboratory reference range for

1739

Iron deficiency anemia See Iron, deficiency of

Iron overload See Hemochromatosis; Hemosiderosis

Irritable bowel syndrome

542

615–618

Irritant contact dermatitis

114

Irritative voiding symptoms

932

in benign prostatic hyperplasia

956

956

in bladder cancer

967

in cystitis

33

938

in epididymitis

933

943

in prostatitis

940

941

in pyelonephritis

938

IRV (inspiratory reserve volume)

223

Isaac's syndrome

1102

Ischemia

acute tubular necrosis/renal failure caused by

902–903

brain stem, seizures differentiated from

983

intestinal

459

limb

acute

461–462

in lower extremity occlusive disease

453

mesenteric

459

myocardial See Coronary heart disease; Myocardial ischemia

Ischemic chest pain

312

See also Angina

Ischemic colitis

459

gastrointestinal bleeding and

555

Ischemic heart disease See Angina, pectoris; Coronary heart disease

Ischemic hepatopathy

680

Ischemic nephropathy

460

Ischemic rest pain See Rest pain

Islet cell antibodies, in diabetes mellitus

1195

Islet cell tumors

1178–1179

hypoglycemia caused by

1178

1234–1237

1234

in multiple endocrine neoplasia

1150

1178

1179

1191

1234

1237

Islet cells, pancreatic

1178

See also B cells

hyperplasia of, persistent (noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemic syndrome)

1237

transplantation of, for diabetes

1216

Ismelin See Guanethidine

Isocarboxazid, overdose/toxicity of

1629

Isoflavones, in cancer prevention

1652–1653

Isohemagglutinins, in toxocariasis (visceral larva migrans)

1534

Isoniazid

260

adverse ocular effects of

179

benzodiazepine interactions and

1046

nutrients affected by

1260

overdose/toxicity of

1611

1626

pyridoxine (vitamin B6) for

1274

1611

seizures and

1610

1626

therapy adjustments in renal or hepatic failure and

1558

for tuberculosis

260–261

260

261

in bone and joint disease

861

in latent disease/prophylactic

263

in pregnancy

262

781

resistance and

261

262

263

Isophane (NPH) insulin See Insulin therapy; NPH insulin

Isopropanol, overdose/toxicity of, osmolar gap in

888

1614

1614

Isoproterenol, heart murmurs affected by

329

Isoptin See Verapamil

Isosorbide See also Nitrates

for cardiac failure

394

Isospora belli (isosporiasis)

1300

1475

1476

1477

1478

Isosthenuria

in acute renal failure/postrenal azotemia

902

in chronic renal failure

908

Isotonic hyponatremia

866–867

867

Isotretinoin

for acne

117

adverse ocular effects of

179

in cancer prevention

1649

for lupus erythematosus

105

for rosacea

118

teratogenicity of

117

Isradipine

436

overdose/toxicity of

1621

Israel tick fever

1396

Itch-scratch cycle See also Pruritus

in lichen simplex chronicus

97

Itch-X-Gel See Pramoxine

Itching See Pruritus

Itraconazole

1548

1584–1585

cost of

1562

for histoplasmosis

1538–1539

1585

therapy adjustments in renal or hepatic failure and

1558

1584

for vulvovaginal candidiasis

732

IUDs See Intrauterine devices

Ivermectin

for ascariasis

1519

for filariasis

1523

for loiasis

1527

for onchocerciasis

1528

for strongyloidiasis

1531

IVF See In vitro fertilization

IVIG See Intravenous immune globulin

IVP See Intravenous pyelogram

Ixodes ticks See Ticks

Related

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