| XHTML relies on several elements to provide structure to a document (as opposed to structuring the text within) as well as to provide information that is used by the browser or search engines. <bdo>…</bdo> Usage | The bidirectional algorithm element used to selectively turn off the default text direction. | Start/End Tag | Required/Required. | Attributes | core. lang="language" The language of the document. dir="direction" The text direction (ltr, rtl). Mandatory attribute. | Empty | No. |
<body>…</body> Usage | Contains the document's content. | Start/End Tag | Optional/Optional. | Attributes | core, i18n, events. onload="eventcode" Intrinsic event triggered when the document loads. onunload="eventcode" Intrinsic event triggered when document unloads. | Empty | No. | Notes | There can be only one <body>, and it must follow the <head>. The <body> element can be replaced by a <frameset> element. |
Comments <!-- … --> Usage | Used to insert notes or scripts that are not displayed by the browser. | Start/End Tag | Required/Required. | Attributes | None. | Empty | Yes. | Notes | Comments are not restricted to one line and can be any length. The end tag is not required to be on the same line as the start tag. |
<div>…</div> | | Usage | The division element is used to add structure to a block of text. | | | Start/End Tag | Required/Required. | | | Attributes | core, i18n, events. | By the Way You may run across HTML web pages that use the <div> element with an attribute named align. This attribute was removed in XHTML, with the new approach to alignment involving the text-align CSS style property. This style property is covered later in this appendix. |
| | | Empty | No. | | | Notes | Cannot be used within a p element. |
<!doctype...> Usage | Version information appears on the first line of an HTML document and is an SGML declaration rather than an element. |
<h1>…</h1> Through <h6>…</h6> Usage | The six headings (h1 is uppermost, or most important) are used in the body to structure information in a hierarchical fashion. | Start/End Tag | Required/Required. | Attributes | core, i18n, events. | Empty | No. | Notes | Visual browsers will display the size of the headings in relation to their importance, <h1> being the largest and <h6> being the smallest. |
<head>…</head> Usage | This is the document header and it contains other elements that provide information to users and search engines. | Start/End Tag | Optional/Optional. | Attributes | i18n. profile="url" URL specifying the location of meta data. | Empty | No. | Notes | There can be only one <head> per document. It must follow the opening <html> tag and precede the <body>. |
<hr /> Usage | Horizontal rules are used to separate sections of a web page. | Start/End Tag | Required/Illegal. | Attributes | core, events, i18n. | Empty | Yes. |
<html>…</html> Usage | The html element contains the entire document. | Start/End Tag | Optional/Optional. | Attributes | i18n. | Empty | No. | Notes | The version information is duplicated in the <!doctype...> declaration and is therefore not essential. |
<meta /> Usage | Provides information about the document. | Start/End Tag | Required/Illegal. | Attributes | i18n. http-equiv="servercmd" HTTP response header name. name="name" Name of the meta information. content="value" Content of the meta information. scheme="scheme" Assigns a scheme to interpret the meta data. | Empty | Yes. |
<span>…</span> Usage | Organizes the document by defining a span of text. | Start/End Tag | Required/Required. | Attributes | core, i18n, events. | Empty | No. |
<title>…</title> Usage | The name you give your web page. The <title> tag is placed in the <head> tag and is displayed in the browser window title bar. | Start/End Tag | Required/Required. | Attributes | i18n. | Empty | No. | Notes | Only one title allowed per document. |
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