Sams Teach Yourself Perl in 24 Hours (3rd Edition)

This hour you learned about opening and closing filehandles in Perl: You open files by using the open functions and close them by using close . When filehandles are open, they can be read with <> or read and written with print . Also, you learned about some of the oddities of how your operating system handles files and how to deal with them by using binmode .

Along the way, I hope that you also learned something about defensive programming.