Base SAS 9.1 Procedures Guide, Volumes 1, 2, 3 and 4
Standardizing values removes the location and scale attributes from a set of data. The formula to compute standardized values is
where
| | is a new standardized value |
| S | is the value of STD= |
| M | is the value of MEAN= |
| x i | is an observation s value |
| x | is a variable s mean |
| s x | is a variable s standard deviation. |
PROC STANDARD calculates the mean ( x ) and standard deviation ( S x ) from the input data set. The resulting standardized variable has a mean of M and a standard deviation of S .
If the data are normally distributed, standardizing is also studentizing since the resulting data have a Student s t distribution.