SAS 9.1.3 Language Reference: Concepts, Third Edition, Volumes 1 and 2
I
I/O
reducing for CPU performance 220
threaded I/O 223
I/O-bound applications 223
I/O optimization 215
BUFNO= system option 218
BUFSIZE= system option 218
CATCACHE= system option 218
COMPRESS= system option 218
creating data sets 217
DROP statement 216
engine efficiency 218
FIRSTOBS= data set option 217
indexes 217
KEEP statement 216
LENGTH statement 216
OBS= data set option 217
SASFILE statement 219
views for data access 217
WHERE processing 216
IBM mainframes
floating-point representation 91
ID management
ARM macros for 58
IEEE standard
floating-point representation 94
illegal operations
missing values and 105
implicit catalog concatenation 568
importing data
into data sets 321
IN= data set option
creating variables 83
IN operator 202
in character comparisons 121
in numeric comparisons 120
INDEX= data set option
creating indexes 527
index files 519
index type 80
indexed data files
adding observations to 537
appending data to 538
copying 536
sorting 537
updating 537
indexes 518
benefits of 519
buffer requirements 524
BY processing with 533
composite indexes 521
compound optimization 521
costs of 522
CPU cost 523
creating 524, 526
creating with DATASETS procedure 526
creating with INDEX= data set option 527
creating with SQL procedure 527
data file considerations 524
definition 518
disk space requirements 524
displaying data file information 535
encryption with 599
engines and 605
error checking 428
for BY- group processing 379
I/O cost 523
I/O optimization and 217
index files 519
integrity constraints and 508, 538
key variable candidates 525
maintaining 535
missing values 522
multiple occurrences of values 537
passwords with 599
recovering 538, 613
simple indexes 520
specifying with KEY= option 534
taking advantage of 535
types of 520
unique values 522
updating data sets 422, 428
use considerations 525
WHERE and BY processing with 534
WHERE processing with 527
INFILE statement
data-reading features 366
infix operators 117
INFORMAT statement
creating variables 82
specifying informats 31
informats 29, 80
binary informats 370
byte ordering for integer binary data 32
data conversions 38
date values and 131
datetime values and 131
encodings 38
packed decimal data 34
permanent 31
specifying 30
specifying with ATTRIB statement 31
specifying with INFORMAT statement 31
specifying with INPUT functions 30
specifying with INPUT statement 30
syntax 29
temporary 31
time values and 131
user -defined 32
zoned decimal data 34
input buffers 332
creating 333
input data sets
data set options with 25
dropping variables 88
keeping variables 88
input data sources 12
INPUT functions
specifying informats 30
input pointer 334
INPUT statement
column input 364
data-reading features 366
defining variables when reading raw data 82
formatted input 365
input style 362
list input 363
modified list input 363
named input 365
reading raw data 362
specifying informats 30
input style
choosing 362
column input 364
formatted input 365
list input 363
modified list input 363
named input 365
instream data 361
input to SAS programs 12
semicolons in 362
INTCK function
interval boundaries and 141
integer binary data
byte ordering 32
integer binary notation 33
integrity constraints 505
creating with DATASETS procedure 512
creating with SCL 513
creating with SQL procedure 513
definition 505
examples 512
foreign key constraints 505
general constraints 505
indexes and 508, 538
listing 511
locking 508
overlapping primary key and foreign key constraints 506, 517
passwords and 508
preservation of 507
reactivating 517
referential constraints 505
rejected observations 512
removing 516
specifying 511
interactive line mode 8
interface data files 489
interface DATA step engine 577
interface library engines 607
interface view engine 608
ACCESS procedure and 576
interface views 541
interleaving data sets 395, 405
comments and comparisons 409
examples 406
sort requirements 406
internal SAS processing transactions 231
interval 137
INTNX function
interval boundaries and 141
invalid data 367
_IORC_ automatic variable 428
error-checking with 159
IS MISSING operator 204
IS NULL operator 204
iterative DO loops 453
processing selected array elements 453